music dictionary : Cas - Cg
 



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Cas(French m.) case
Casa(Spanish f., Italian f.) a house or villa (in Italy or Spanish-speaking America)
Casa amueblada(Spanish f.) furnished house
Casa con mucho terreno(Spanish f.) house with a lot of land
Casa editora(Spanish f.) publishing house
Casa editrice(Italian f.) publishing house
Casamiento(Spanish m.) marriage, wedding
Casanova(English, German m., Spanish m.) a ladies' man, a rake
casanier (m.), casanière (f.)(French) home-loving
Casaque(French f.) shirt (of a jockey)
casar(Spanish) to marry, to join, to fit, to annual, to quash, to match, to go together, to fit together
Cäsaropapismus(German m.) caesaropapism (also Erastianism or Byzantinism), the doctrine that the state is supreme over the church in ecclesiastical matters
Cäsarsalat(German m.) caesar salad
Cäsars Berichte(German pl.) Caesar's commentaries
casarse(Spanish) to get married
casarse por la iglesia(Spanish) to have a church wedding
ça saute aux yeux(French, 'it jumps to the eyes') or cela saute aux yeux, it is quite obvious, it cannot be missed
Casa sin amueblada(Spanish f.) unfurnished house
Cascabel(Spanish m.) a happy person (figurative)
Cascabel (s.), Cascabeles (pl.)(Spanish m.) small bell(s), sleigh bell(s), grelot(s) (French)
cascabelear(Spanish, Latin America) to jingle
(Spanish) to act recklessly, to beguile (figurative), to raise the hopes of (figurative)
Cascabeleo(Spanish m.) jingling
Cascada(Spanish f.) cascade, waterfall
Cascade(French f.) waterfall, spate (figurative)
Cascadeur (m.), Cascadeuse (f.)(French) stuntman, stuntgirl
cascado (m.), cascada (f.)(Spanish) worn-out (figurative), harsh (voice), hoarse (voice)
Cascajo(Spanish m.) gravel, rubble, fragment, shred
Cascanueces(Spanish m.) nutcracker
cascar(Spanish) to crack, to belt (familiar), to thump (familiar), to harm (familiar), to chat away (familiar), to peg out (familiar)
Cáscara(Spanish f.) sheel, skin, peel, husk
(Spanish) term used to describe the wooden shells of the early timbales and still used today to describe the shell of any timbal
cascara rhythm
Afro-Cuban rhythmic pattern, often played on the sides (shell) of the timbales, also referred to as paila
cascarla(Spanish) to kick the bucket (familiar), to snuff it (familiar)
cascarse(Spanish) to crack, to become harsh (voice), to become hoarse (voice)
Cas de conscience(French m.) a matter of conscience, a question of morality
Case(French f.) hut, pigeon-hole (compartment); square (on paper)
the terms 'uppercase' and 'lowercase' originate in the printing industry, from the compositors' practice of storing the type for capital letters and small letters in two separate trays, or cases. When working at the type-setting table, the compositors invariably kept the capital letters and small letters in the upper and lower cases, respectively; hence, "uppercase" and "lowercase." Prior to this, scholars referred to capital letters as 'majuscules' and small letters as 'minuscules', while everyone else simply called them capital letters and small letters
the inflectional form of a noun, pronoun, or (in some languages) adjective that shows how the word relates to the verb or to other nouns of the same clause
Case bindtype of binding used in making hard cover books using glue
Case bindingthe binding of printing books, which include leather, cloth and other forms of covering
ça se comprend(French) that is understandable
caser(French) to put, to put up (lodge), to find a job for, to marry off (pejorative)
Caserne(French f.) barracks (especially temporary barracks)
Case(work)all the exterior parts of a piano (for example, top, sides, arms, music shelf, wallboard), harpsichord or clavichord taken as a whole
on the organ, the wood box built around the pipes, to focus and blend their sound
Cash(English, German n.) money in the form of notes (bills) and coins
Casher(German m.) frame, cradle
Cashewnuss(German f.) cashew (nut)
Cash-Settlement(German n.) cash settlement, a transaction settled with a cash payment
Casier(French m.) pigeon-hole, compartment, cabinet (furniture), rack (for bottles)
Casier judiciaire(French m.) criminal record
Casino(English, German., French m. from the Italian diminutive of casa, 'house') place for gambling (although originally a place of entertainment with music and dancing), a club-house
casi no alcanzo el tren(Spanish) I almost missed the train
Cäsium(German n.) caesium (a soft silver-white ductile metallic element that is liquid at normal temperatures)
Caso aparte(Spanish m.) special case
Casque(French m.) helmet, (hair-)drier
Casque à écouteurs(French m.) headphones
Casque audio(French m.) headphones
Casque d'écoute(French m.) headphones
casqueé(French) wearing a helmet
Casquette(French f.) cap
Cassa(Italian f.) drum
(Italian f.) Korpus (German m.), coffre (French m.), corpus, body (for example, of a musical instrument)
(Italian f.) case
Cassa armonica(Italian f.) or , cassa di risonanza, sound-box, resonant body, klankkast (Dutch), Schallkasten (German), Resonanzkörper (German), Resonanzboden (German), caisse de résonance (French)
Cassa chiara(Italian f.) snare drum, caisse clarie (French), caja clara (Spanish)
Cassa dei bischeri(Italian f.) pegbox (on a violin, etc.), cavigliera (Italian f.), cassetta dei piroli (Italian f.), Wirbelkasten (German m.), chevillier (French m.), clavijero (Spanish m.)
Cassa di risonanza(Italian f.) or cassa armonica, sound-box, resonant body, klankkast (Dutch), Schallkasten (German), Resonanzkörper (German), Resonanzboden (German), caisse de résonance (French)
Cassa espressiva(Italian f.) swell-box
Cassa grande(Italian f.) or Gran cassa, any large drum
Cassa rullante(Italian f.) tenor drum
cassant (m.), cassante (f.)(French) brittle, abrupt, peremptory, curt (brusque)
Cassatio(Latin) cassation
Cassation(English, German f., French f. from Latin cassatio, literally 'dismissal') originally the concluding piece of a musical performance but later a serenade or divertimento consisting of several movements often performed in the open air
Cassazione(Italian) cassation
Casse(French f.) breakages
cassé(French) broken
casser la tête à(French) to give a headache to
Casse-cou(French m.) daredevil
Casse-croûte(French m) snack, a light meal
Casse-noisettes(French m.) nutcrackers
Casse-noix(French m.) nutcrackers
Casse-pieds(French m./f.) pain (in the neck)
Casser(French f.) breakages
casser(French) to break, to annul
Casserole(French f.) a saucepan, a covered stew-pan (generally of thick earthenware), a dish of food cooked in a covered earthenware stew-pan
Casse-roulante(French m.) field drum
Casse-tête(French m.) a headache (problem), a brain teaser (puzzle)
Cassetta dei piroli(Italian f.) pegbox (on a violin, etc.), cavigliera (Italian f.), cassa dei bischeri (Italian f.), Wirbelkasten (German m.), chevillier (French m.), clavijero (Spanish m.)
Cassette(English, German f., French f.) a casket, an audio tape, a video tape, a small cylindrical box (for holding photographic film)
Cassette culture
Cassettina(Italian) a wood block
Cassettophone(French m.) a cassette recorder
Cassis(English, German m., French m.) a black currant, a syrup or liqueur flavoured with black-currant
(French m.) dip (car)
Cassock(in use 1530-1660) worn by men and women, this was a loose, hip-length coat with a small collar or hood
the ordinary garment of a priest, a simple close fitting tunic with sleeves
Cassolette(French f.) (in cooking) a small paper case
(French f.) a vessel for burning incense or perfumes (brûle-parfums), a box containing perfumes with a perforated lid to allow the contents to diffuse
Cassone (s.), Cassoni (pl.)(Italian) a large dower-chest (often elaborately decorated with illuminiated panels)
Cassoulet(French m.) stew (of beans and meat)
Cassure(French f.) break
Castthe actors in a play
to choose the actors
Castagnetta (s.), Castagnette (pl.)(Italian f.) castanet(s)
Castagnétte(Italian, mentioned in John Florio's Queen Anna's New World of Words (1611)) little shells used of those that dance the canaries to clacke or snap with their fingers - also fips or flips with the fingers ends
Castagnette con manico(Italian f.pl.) handle castanets
Castagnette di ferro(Italian f.pl.) metal castanets
Castagnette di metallo(Italian f.pl.) metal castanets
Castagnetten(Dutch) castanets
Castagnettes(French f.pl.) castanets
Castagnettes à manches(French f.pl.) handle castanets
Castagnettes de fer(French f.pl.) metal castanets
Castagnettes de métal(French f.pl.) metal castanets
Castagnettes espagnoles(French f.pl.) hand castanets
Castagnette spagnole(Italian f.pl.) hand castanets
Castagnole(Spanish) or castañuelas, castanets
Castañeta(Spanish f.) click of the fingers
(Spanish f.) castanet
according to their region of origin castañetas are named as follows:
Galiciacastañeta, castañetas, castañolas, tarrañolas
Asturiascastañueles, pitos, tarrañueles
Valenciapostises
Portugalcastanholas
Castañetas(Spanish) castanets
Castanets(from the Spanish casstano, meaning 'chestnut') a percussion instrument (idiophone) much used in Moorish music, Gypsy music, Spanish music and Latin American music. The instrument consists of a pair of concave shells joined on one edge by string. These are held in the hand and used to produce clicks for rhythmic accents or a ripping or rattling sound consisting of a rapid series of clicks. They are traditionally made of hardwood, although, Bakelite was and fibreglass is now popular. In practice a player usually uses two pairs of castanets. One pair is held in each hand, with the string hooked over the thumb and the castanets resting on the palm with the fingers bent over to support the other side. Each pair will make a sound of a slightly different pitch. The higher pair, known as hembra (female), is usually held in the right hand, with the larger macho (male) pair held in the left
Castanhetas(Portuguese f.pl.) castanets
Castanholas(Portuguese f.pl.) castanets
Castañuela(Spanish f.) castanet
Castañuelas(Spanish f.pl.) castanets that vary in size from the pitos of León and Zamora, about the size of a thumb, up to the chácaras from La Gomera in the Canarias
Castañuelas de hierro(Spanish f.pl.) metal castanets
Castañuelas de metal(Spanish f.pl.) metal castanets
Cast coatedin the printing industry, coated paper with a high gloss reflective finish
Caste(English, French f.) a socially exclusive class of people
Caste dialecta dialect spoken by specific hereditary classes in a society
Castilian cifrassee cifra
Castellanthe governor or caretaker of a castle or keep
Castillane(Spanish) a dance from Castille
Castingthe process used to form (molten metal, or liquid plaster or plastic, for example) into a three-dimensional shape by pouring into a mould. Wind and brass instrument keys, church bells, and many other metal parts are manufactured using this process
(English, German n.) in the performing arts, casting (or casting call) is a vital pre-production process for selecting a cast (a meaning of the word recorded since 1631) of actors, dancers, singers, models and other talent for a live or recorded performance
Casting agencyagents who supply actors, supporting actors, etc. for film, theatre, TV, etc.
Casting-Agentur(German f.) casting agency
Casting coucha term from the early days of the entertainment industry, implying that a producer might or did solicit sexual favors in return for a part in a film or a print project
Casting directorsomebody casting acting parts, somebody whose job is to cast parts in a film, play, etc.
Castle Walk(English, German m.) first demonstrated at the Café de Paris by Irene and Vernon Castle in 1913, characterised by a series of walking steps on the toes, executed with a swagger, often including a light hop at appropriate points in the music
Castor(French m.) beaver
Castor and Polluxthe Dioscuri, two heroes of Greek and Roman mythology, the patrons of sailors
Castoreumthe name given by perfumers to the pair of glands called pouches or pods, of the mature male beaver that produces an aromatic substance used in the perfume industry
Castor und Pollux(German) Castor and Pollux
castraat(Dutch) castrato
Castrado(Spanish m.) castrato
Castrapuercasa Spanish panpipe
Castrat(French m.) castrato
Castrato (s.), Castrati (pl.)(English, Italian m., literally 'castrated') a male emasculated before puberty, whose voice was then trained to produce a powerful soprano or contralto voice, popular in the 17th- and 18th-centuries in Italian churches, because women were not permitted to sing there, and opera. The castrati replaced both the putti cantori (young boy singers) who sang cantus and the high tenors who sang the altus parts in liturgical polyphony. The role originally intended for castrati are performed today by women. The castrato's vocal range was from middle C to the A above the treble clef
Alessandro Moreschi (1858-1922), who earned the sobriquet 'angel of Rome, was 'castrato' soprano in the Sistine Chapel and made a number of recordings in 1902-3. The 'last castrato', he provides us with our only aural evidence of a voice that is unlikely to be heard again
castrer(French) to castrate
Castration(English, French f.) emasculation
Casts.abbreviation of 'castanets'
Casual Friday(German m.) Dress Down Day, Business Casual Day, Mufti Friday (colloquial)
Cäsur(German) caesura
Casus Belli(German) casus belli
Casus belli(Latin) an act used to justify war, a ground for a quarrel
Cas urgent(French m.) emergency
CatacáBrazilian wooden blocks
Catachresis(Greek, literally 'misuse') or katachresis, a completely impossible figure of speech or an implied metaphor that results from combining other extreme figures of speech such as anthimeria, hyperbole, synaesthesia, and metonymy
Cataclysme(French m.) cataclysm
Catafalque(French) an elaborate bier for the display of the coffin during a lying-in-state or funeral, a permanent memorial
Catalán(Spanish) a dance from Catalonia
Catalane(French) a dance from Catalonia
Catalecticsee 'acatalectic'
Catalexisin poetry, a catalectic line is shortened or truncated so that unstressed syllables drop from a line. If catalexis occurs at the start of a line, that line is said to be acephalous or headless
Catalinasee 'Graphic Converter'
CatalogUS form of 'catalogue'
Catalogación(Spanish f.) cataloguing
catalogar(Spanish) to catalogue, to classify
Catalog ariaUS form of 'catalogue aria'
CatalogerUS form of 'cataloguer'
Catalogingsee 'cataloguing'
Catalog numberUS form of 'catalogue number'
Catalogo(Spanish m.) catalogue, catalog (US)
Catalog, thematicUS form of 'catalogue, thematic'
Catalogue(English, French m.) a list which is an inventory of works in a gallery, museum, or other collection. It describes the works, and may contain articles discussing their history, and classifying them in other ways. It may be in the form of a file of cards (or an electronic equivalent), one card for each object, or in the form of a publication (usually a pamphlet or book), whether for a special exhibition or for all or part of a permanent collection
Catalogue ariaa popular form of aria of the eighteenth century that involved the enunciation of a list of items
Catalogue numbera publisher's catalogue (catalog) number which is useful when ordering music
Cataloguera person who draws up a catalog (catalogue), for example, a list of the complete works of a particular composer
key:
V = Verzeichnis (German, literally 'catalogue' or 'index')
W = Werk (pl. Werke) (German, literally 'work' or 'piece')
deest = (Latin deesse, literally 'absent') may follow catalogue abbreviation to indicate a work missing from that particular catalogue (for example, K. deest). The plural is desunt
Anhang after BWV = addendum, an addition to the catalogue
Op. (plural Opp.) = Opus number, generally a chronological publication or composition number that may be assigned by either the publisher or composer
WoO = Werke ohne Opuszahl = work without opus number
composercatalogue IDcataloguer/Library of Congress procedures
Abel, Karl Friedrich
(1723-1787)
K, Kn, WKOWalter Knape (b.1906)
Bibliographisch-Thematisches Verzeichnis des Kompositionen von Karl Friedrich Abel
Cuxhaven, Knape, 1972, 299p.
Adlgasser, Anton Cajetan
(1729-1777)
Catanzaro/RainerAnton Cajetan Adlgasser (1729-1777) : A Thematic Catalogue Of His Works by Christine D. Catanzaro & W. Rainer.
(Thematic Catalogue Series, No. 22)
Stuyvesant: Pendragon Press ©2000
xl, 311 p.
Edition #/ISBN: 1945193785
Albeniz, Isaac
(1860-1909)
BBaytelman-Dobry, Pola
Isaac Albeniz: Chronological List and Thematic Catalog of His Piano Works
Warren, Mich., Harmonie Park Press, 1993, 124p.
ISBN: 0-89990-067-4
Albinoni, Tomaso
(1671-1751)
G, GiaRemo Giazzoto (1910-1998)
Tomaso Albinoni : Musico di Violino
Dilettante Veneto. Milan, Bocca, 1945
Albrechtsberger, Johann Georg
(1736-1809)
SomLaszlo Somfai (b.1934)
Alexander Weinmann, Laszlo Somfai
Johann Georg Albrechtsberger : thematischer Katalog seiner weltlichen Kompositionen
Vienna, Musikverlag L. Krenn, 1987
Auber, Daniel François Esprit
(1782-1871)
AWVHerbert Schneider
Auber-Werke-Verzeichnis
Chronologisch-Thematisches Verzeichnis Samtlicher Werke von Daniel François Esprit Auber
Hildesheim NY, G. Olms, 1994, 2 vols.
ISBN: 3-487-0867-9/8-7
Bach, Carl Philipp Emanuel
(1714-1788)
HE. Eugene Helm (b.1928)
Thematic Catalogue of the Works of Carl Philip Emmanuel Bach
New Haven, Yale University Press, 1989, 271p.
ISBN: 0-300-02654-4
Bach, Carl Philipp Emanuel
(1714-1788)
W, WqAlfred Wotquenne (1867-1939)
Thematisches Verzeichnis der Werke von Carl Philip Emmanuel Bach
Wiesbaden, Breitkopf & Hartel, 1972, 112p.
ISBN: 3-7651-0047-1
Bach, Johann Christian
(1735-1782)
TerryCharles Sanford Terry (1864-1936)
John Christian Bach
Westport, Conn., Greenwood Press, 1980, 2nd ed., 373p.
ISBN: 0-313-22163-4
Bach, Johann Christian
(1735-1782)
 Christian Wolff, et al.
The New Grove Bach Family
NY: Norton, 1983
ref: J. C. Bach pp. 341ff.
Bach, Johann Christian
(1735-1782)
W BErnest Warburton (editor)
Collected Works of Johann Christian Bach
gen. ed. Ernest Warburton; NY: Garland Publishing, 1985
Bach, Johann Christoph Friedrich
(1732-1795)
HW, Wf.Hanssdieter Wohlforth
Johann Christoph Friedrich Bach
Bern : Francke Verlag, 1971
Bach, Johann Sebastian
(1685-1750)
KGérard Zwang's catalogue of Bach's church cantatas
Bach, Johann Sebastian
(1685-1750)
S, Schmieder, BWVBach-Werke-Verzeichnis
Wolfgang Schmieder (1901-1990)
Thematisch-Systematisches Verzeichnis der musikalischen Werke von Johann Sebastian Bach
Wiesbaden, Breitkopf & Hartel, 1969, 747p.

Wiesbaden, Breitkopf & Hartel, 1990, 1014p.
ISBN: 3-7651-0255-5

Bach, Johann Sebastian
(1685-1750)
WGérard Zwang's catalogue of Bach's secular cantatas
Bach, P. D. Q.
(1742-1807)
Schickeleafter the American composer, musical educator and parodist, Peter Schickele (b.1935), the works' sole discoverer (and, in reality, their composer)
Bach, Wilhelm Friedemann
(1710-1784)
F, FalckMartin Falck
Wilhelm Friedemann Bach: sein Leben und seine Werke / von Martin Falck
Leipzig, C.F. Kahnt, 1919.

Sein Leben und seine Werke mit thematischem Verzeichnis seiner Kompositionen and zwei Bildern
Lindau, C.F. Kahnt, 1956, 31p.

Bach, Wilhelm Friedemann
(1710-1784)
GFranz Giegling (b.1921)
Bakfark, Balint (Valentin)
(1507-1576)
B, VBValentini Bakfark Opera Omnia
István Homolya & Daniel Benkö
Bartók, Béla
(1881-1945)
BB (new)László Somfai (b.1934)
Bartók, Béla
(1881-1945)
DDDenijs Dille (Bartók's juvenilia)
Bartók, Béla
(1881-1945)
Sz (old)András Szöllösy (b.1921)
Bax, Sir Arnold Trevor
(1883-1953)
GPGraham Parlett
Beck, Franz Ignaz
(1734-1809)
CAnneliese Callen
Beeke, Ignaz von
(1733-1803)
MF. Munter
Beethoven, Ludwig van
(1770-1827)
GSir Charles Grove (1915-1992)
Beethoven, Ludwig van
(1770-1827)
Kg, Kinsky, Kinsky-HalmGeorge Kinsky (1882-1951) completed by Hans Halm
Das Werk Beethovens: thematisch-bibliographisches Verzeichnis seiner sämtlichen vollendeten Kompositionen.
Munich, G. Henle, 1955.
Beethoven, Ludwig van
(1770-1827)
HWilly Hess (b.1906) compiled at the same time, but independently from, Kinsky & Halm, Beethoven's unpublished opus scores, other than those listed in the Kinsky-Halm catalogue
Beethoven, Ludwig van
(1770-1827)
WoOthe catalogue prepared by Georg Kinsky (1882-1951) and Hans Halm of Beethoven's Works Without opus numbers
Benda, Franz
(1709-1786)
LDouglas A. Lee
Franz Benda: Thematic Catalog of his Works
New York, Pendragon Press, 1984, 221p.
ISBN: 0-918728-42-8
Berloz, Hector
(1803-1869)
HD. Kern Holoman
Catalogue of the Works of Hector Berlioz
Kassel, Barenreiter, 1987, 527p.
ISBN: 3-7618-0449-0
Binder, Christlieb Siegmund
(1723-1789)
 Heinrich Fleischer
Christlieb Siegmund Binder
Regensburg, G. Bosse, 1941
Bliss, Arthur
(1803-1869)
BStewart R. Craggs
Boccherini, Luigi
(1743-1805)
G. Ger., GyYves(-René-Jean) Gérard (b. 1932)
Thematic, Bibliographical and Critical Catalog of the Works of Luigi Boccherini
London, Oxford University Press, 1969, 716p.
ISBN: 0-19-711616-7
Boccherini, Luigi
(1743-1805)
ZBenno Ziegler
Boulanger, Nadia
(1887–1979)
Boulanger Lili
(1893–1918)
LBLaederich, Alexandra. "Catalogues de l’œuvre de Nadia Boulanger et de l’œuvre de Lili Boulanger", Nadia Boulanger et Lili Boulanger, témoignages et études, direction scientifique de Alexandra Laederich, Symétrie, 2007, p.309-314 (information supplied by C.F. Nieweg)
Brahms, Johannes
(1833-1897)
 Margit L. McCorkle
Johannes Brahms : thematisch-bibliographisches Werkeverzeichnis
Herausgegaben nach gemeinsamen Vorarbieten mit Donald M. McCorkle
Munich, G. Henle, 1984.
(Thematic-index numbers for works without opus numbers are ... given without 'posthum'")
Bridge, Frank
(1879-1941)
HPaul Hindmarsh
British Keyboard Music to c. 1660 British Keyboard Music To c. 1660 : Sources And Thematic Index by Virginia Brookes
1.Itemized list of the contents of all the manuscript & printed sources of British keybaord music for solo performance.
2. A thematic catalogue of the 2,398 pieces listed, arranged alphabetically by composer.
3. A computerized code of the incipits. 5 facsimiles.
Oxford: Clarendon Press ©1995
xvii, 413 p.
Edition #/ISBN: 0198164254
British Unon Catalogue The British Union-Catalogue of Early Music Printed for 1801 (in 2 Vols.)
by Edith B. Schnapper, London, Butterworth. (1957)
Bruckner, Anton
(1824-1896)
WABRenate Grasberger
Brunetti, Gaetano
(1744-1798)
 Newell Jenkins
The Symphony, 1720-1840. Reference volume, p. 96-100.
New York, Garland Pub. 1986
Brunetti, Gaetano
(1744-1798)
BruWVOlaf Krone
Brunetti-Werke-Verzeichnis
Boudewijn, Buckinx
(b.1945)
BBWVYves Senden
Bull, John
(1562/1563-1628)
 John Steele, Francis Cameron, and Thurston Dart eds.
John Bull: Keyboard Music I-II. Musica Britannica, vols. 14, 19.
London, Stainer and Bell, 1960-1963
Busoni, Ferruccio
(1866-1924)
BV, BV BBusoni-Verzeichnis or Busoni-Verzeichnis Bearbeitung
Marc-André Roberge working from Jürgen Kindermann's catalogue
Busoni, Ferruccio
(1866-1924)
K, KindMarc-André Roberge and Jürgen Kindermann
Buxtehude, Dietrich
(c.1637-1707)
Bux, BuxWVBuxtehude-Werke-Verzeichnis
Georg Karstädt (b.1903)
Thematisch-systematisches Verzeichnis der musikalischen Werke von Dietrich Buxtehude
Wiesbaden, Breitkopf & Hartel, 1974, 245p.
ISBN: 3-7651-0065-X
Byrd, William
(1543-1623)
 Alan Brown
Musica Britannica, vol. 27- London, Stainer & Bell, 1969- (for keyboard works)
Cambini, Giuseppe
(1543-1623)
 Dieter Lutz, Trimpert.
Die quatuors concerts von Giuseppe Cambini.
Tutzing. H. Schneider, 1967
Camerloher, Placidus Cajetan von
(1710-1743)
ZBenno Zeigler
Cantiones sacraeCSCollection of sacred songs by Thomas Tallis and William Byrd (1575)
Carissimi, Giovanni Giocomo
(1605-1674)
 Thematic Catalog of the Sacred Works of Giocomo Carissimi
(Music Indexes and Bibliographies, No. 15)
Buff, Ivam; editor: Carolyn Owlett Hunter
Charpentier, Marc-Antoine
(1634-1704)
H, HitchcockHugh Wiley Hitchcock (1923-2007)
Les oeuvres de Marc-Antoine Charpentier: catalogue raisonné
Paris, Picard, 1982, 419p.
ISBN: 2-7086-0084-3
Chopin, Frédéric François
(1810-1849)
Brown, BIMaurice J. E. Brown
Chopin: An index of his work in chronological order
New York, Da Capo Press, 1972, 2nd edition, 214p.
ISBN: 0-3067-0500-1
Chopin, Frédéric François
(1810-1849)
C or CTJózef Micha Chomiski and Teresa Dalila Turo
Catalogue of the Works of Frederic Chopin
Krakow, Polskie Wydawn, 1990, 517p.
ISBN: 83-22-40407-7
Chopin, Frédéric François
(1810-1849)
FrE. W. Fritsch
Chopin, Frédéric François
(1810-1849)
KKKrysztyna Kobylaska
Clementi, Muzio Clementi
(1752-1832)
AllortoRicardo Allorto
Clementi, Muzio Clementi
(1752-1832)
TysonAlan Tyson (works without opus numbers)
Thematic catalogue of the works of Muzio Clementi
Tutzing, H. Schneider ©1967, 136p.
Coleman, Charles
(d.1664)
MeyersErnst Hermann Ludimar Meyer (1905-1988)
Die mehrstimmige Spielmusik de 17. Jahrhunderts.
Kassel, Bärenreiter, 1934. p. 149. (For fantasias)
Coperario, John
(1570?-1626)
 Richard Charteris
John Coprario, a thematic catalogue of his music.
New York, Pendragon Press, 1977.
Couperin, François
(1668-1733)
CauchieMaurice Cauchie
Couperin, Louis
(1626-1661)
 Pièces de clavecin, by Couperin.
Paris, Heugel, 1970.
(for thematic index nos. for harpsichord works)
Croubelis, Simoni dall
(c.1727-c.1790)
 The Symphony in Denmark
New York, Garland, 1983.
(for symphonies)
Debussy, Claude
(1862-1918)
LFrançois Lesure (b.1923)
Catalogue de l'oeuvre de Claude Debussy
Genève, Édition Minkoff, 1977, 167p.
ISBN: 2-8266-0657-3
De Lalande, Richard
(1657-1726)
SawkinsThematic Catalogue Of The Works Of Michel-Richard De Lalande (1657-1726) by Lionel Sawkins
Oxford: Oxford University Press ©2005
xlvii, 700 p.
Edition #/ISBN: 0198163606
Dering, Richard
(c.1727-c.1790)
MeyersErnst Hermann Ludimar Meyer (1905-1988)
Die mehrstimmige Spielmusik de 17. Jahrhunderts.
Kassel, Bärenreiter, 1934. p. 152.
(for fantasias)
Diabelli, Anton
(1781-1858)
SavijokiAnton Diabelli's Guitar Works: A Thematic Catalogue
by Jukka Savijoki
published by Editions Orphee. ISBN 497006110 / ISBN 1882612450 (paper)
Dittersdorf, Karl Ditters von
(1739-1799)
KH. Kralk
Dittersdorf, Karl Ditters von
(1739-1799)
KrCarl Krebs
Dittersdorfiana
Berlin, Paetel, 1900.
Donizetti, Gaetano
(1797-1848)
 Luigi Inzaghi
Gaetano Donizetti
Dowland, John
(1563-1626)
PDiana Poulton (1903-1994)
Collected Lute Music of John Dowland by Diana Poulton and Basil Lam
London, Faber Music, 1974, 317p.
Dusek (or Dussek), Frantisek Xaver
(1731-1799)
AVladimír Altner
Dusek (or Dussek), Frantisek Xaver
(1731-1799)
SykoraVaclav Jan Sykora
Dussek, Jan Ladislav (Johann Ludwig)
(1760-1812)
CHoward A. Craw
Dvorák, Antonín
(1841-1904)
BJarmil Burghauser
Thematichy Katalog-Bibliografie
Praha, Státni nakl. krásné literatury, hudby a umení, 1960, 735p.
Dvorák, Antonín
(1841-1904)
SourekOtakar Sourek
Eckhardt-Gramatte, S.C. (Sophie-Carmen)
(1902-1974)
 Ferdinand Eckhardt
Selected works / S.C. Eckhardt- Gramatte.
Winnipeg, Canada, Estate S.C. Eckhardt-Gramate, c 1980-
Eighteenth Century English Concertos English Eighteenth-Century Concertos : An Inventory And Thematic Catalogue by Owain Tudor Edwards
This catalogue provides a reference to eighteenth-century English concertos, a mostly unknown repertoire composed by mostly unknown composers. Each entry includes information on the first printing as well as a thematic index. With a foreword, introduction and bibliography.
(Thematic Catalogue Series, No. 28)
Hillsdale: Pendragon Press ©2004
viii, 246 p.
Edition #/ISBN: 1576470989
Eighteenth Century Italian Instrumental Music Thematic Catalog of a Manuscript Collection of Eighteenth Century Italian Instrumental Music
by Vincent Duckles and Minnie Elmer. University of California. 1963, First. (ISBN 0521232597)
Erlebach, Philipp Heinrich
(1657-1714)
EDiane Parr Walker & Paul Walker
Escher, Rudolf
(1912-1980)
RECBeatrijs Escher
Eybler, Joseph Edler von
(1765-1846)
Hermann, HVHerrman-Verzeichnis
Hildegard Hermann
Thematisches Verzeichnis der Werke von Joseph Eybler.
Ferrabosco II, Alfonso
(c.1575-1628)
MeyersErnst Hermann Ludimar Meyer (1905-1988)
Die mehrstimmige Spielmusik de 17. Jahrhunderts.
Kassel, Bärenreiter, 1934. p. 152-3.
(for fantasias)
Fibich, Zdenek
(1850-1900)
HudecZdenek Fibich : Thematic Catalogue by Vladimir Hudec, Vladimir
Praha: Supraphon ©2001; 850 p.
Edition #/ISBN: 8086385108
Field, John
(1782-1837)
H, HopCecil Hopkinson
Bibliographical Thematic Catalogue of the Works of John Field
London, (The Author), 1961, 174p.
Fitzwilliam Virginal Book
(c.1562-1612)
FVBa collection containing music by William Byrd, Giles Farnaby, John Bull, Orlando Gibbons, Peter Philips, William Inglott, Martin Peerson, Jan Pieterszoon Sweelinck, and others
Franck, César
(1822-1890)
FWV, MohrWilhelm Mohr
César Franck
Tutzing, H. Schneider, 1969, 2nd edition, 345p
Frederick II, King of Prussia
(1712-1786)
(also known as Frederick the Great)
 (Julius August) Philipp Spitta (1841-1894)
Friedrichs des Grossen Musikalische Werke.
Froberger, Johann Jakob
(1616-1667)
FbWVSiegbert Rampe
Frescobaldi, Girolamo
(1583-1643)
FAlexander Silbiger
Frescobaldi Thematic Catalogue Online (FTCO)
Fux, Johann Joseph
(1660-1741)
Köchel, KoechelLudwig Ritter von Köchel (1800-1877)
Johann Josef Fux
Wien, A. Holder, 1872

reprint: Hildesheim, New York, G. Olms Verlag, 1974.

Gabrieli, Giovanni
(1558-1613)
CRichard Charteris
Giovanni Gabrielli, Opera Omnia
Rome, American Institute of Musicology, 1956-, 12 vols.
Barry S. Brook (editor), Richard Charteris (author)
A Thematic Catalogue of His Music with a Guide to the Source Materials and Translations of His Vocal Texts
(Thematic Catalogue Series, No. 20)
Stuyvesant: Pendragon Press ©1996
xxvi,597 p.
Edition #/ISBN: 0945193661
Gabrieli, Giovanni
(1558-1613)
KentonEgon Kenton
Life and works of Giovanni Gabrieli.
n.p. : American Institute of Musicology, 1967.
Galuppi, Baldassare
(1706-1785)
(called Il Buranello)
 Thematic index numbers used in uniform titles for harpsichord sonatas by this composer are given in Hedda Illy's edition of the composer's Sonate per cembalo.
Roma, Edizioni De Santis, 1969-
(e.g. Sonata, harpsichord, I. 54, D major)
An exception is made for the sonatas published by I. Walsh (p.1: I. 30, 11, 43, 45, 50, and 19; and op. 2:i. 1-6) for which opus numbers are retained in uniform titles
(e.g. Sonata, harpsichord, op. 1, no. 4, D major)
Garcia, José Maurício Nunes
(1767-1830)
 Cleofe Person de Mattos
Catálogo temático das obras do Padre José Maurícío Nunes Garcia.
Rio de Janeiro, Ministério da Eduçãtao e Cultura, 1970.
Gassmann, Florian Leopold
(1729-1774)
 George Robert Hill
A thematic catalog of the instrumental music of Florian Leopold Gassmann.
Hackensack, N.J., J. Boonin, 1976.
Gluck, Christoph Willibald
(1714-1787)
WqAlfred Wotquenne (1867-1939)
Giorgi, Giovanni
(d.1762)
 Laurence Feininger
Repertorium liturgiae polychoralis, 1.
Tridenti, Societas Universalis Sanctae Ceciliae, 1962.
Gottschalk, Louis Moreau
(1829-1869)
RORobert Offergeld
The centennial catalogue of the published and unpublished compositions of Louis Moreau Gottschalk
New York, Zifl-Davis Publishing Co., 1970, 34p.
Granados, Enrique
(1867-1916)
DLRde Larrocha-Riva
piano works catalogued by Douglas Riva & Alicia de Larrocha
Graun, Johann Gottlieb
(1703-1771)
MCarl H. Mennicke
Graun, Johann Gottlieb
(1703-1771)
WMonika Willer
Graun, Carl Heinrich
(1704-1759)
MCarl H. Mennicke
Graupner, Christoph
(1683-1760)
GWVChristoph Großpietsch, Oswald Bill
Thematisches Verzeichnis der musikalischen Werke - Instrumentalwerke
Stuttgart, Carus-Verlag, 2005, 364p., ISBN 3-89948-066-X
Grieg, Edvard
(1843-1907)
EGGrieg-Gesamt-Ausgabe, a catalogue of the works published by the Edvard Grieg Committee, based on the catalogues of Dan Fog, Finn Benestad & Dag Schjelderup-Ebbe
Griffes, Charles Tomlinson
(1884-1920)
 Donna K. Anderson
The works of Charles T. Griffes: a descriptive catalogue.
Ann Arbor, Mich., UMI Research Press, 1983.
(for works without opus numbers)
Gyrowetz, Adelbert
(1763-1850)
RJohn A. Rice
Handel, George Frideric
(1685-1759)
BBernd Bäselt (1934-93)
Verzeichnis der Werke Georg Friedrich Händels
published in three volumes from 1978 to 1986
Handel, George Frideric
(1685-1759)
HWVHandel Werkes Verzeichnis
Eisen, Walter, Eisen, Margret
Thematisch-systematisches Verzeichnis
Basel-London, Bärenreiter, Kassel, 1978, 3 vols.
Hartmann, Johann Ernst
(1726-1793)
 The Symphony in Denmark.
New York : Garland, 1983.
(for symphonies.)
Hasse, Johann Adolf
(1699-1783)
MCarl H. Mennicke
Hasse, Johann Adolf
(1699-1783)
PergerLothar Perger
Haydn, Joseph
(1732-1809)
Hob, HobokenAnthony van Hoboken (1887-1983)
Thematisch-bibliographisches Werkverzeichnis
Mainz, B. Schott's Scohne, 1957-1971
Haydn, Johann Michael
(1737-1806)
KlafskyAnton Klafsky
Haydn, Johann Michael
(1737-1806)
MHJohann Michael Haydn (1737-1806) : A Chronological Thematic Catalogue Of His Works by Charles H. Sherman and T. Donley Thomas
(Thematic Catalogue Series, No. 17)
Stuyvesant: Pendragon Press ©1993
xiv, 385p.
Edition #/ISBN: 0918728568
Haydn, Johann Michael
(1737-1806)
P, PergerLothar Herbert Perger
Michael Haydn: Intrumentalwerke, I
Graz, Akademische Druck-u. Verlagsanstalt, 1959, 124p.

Denkmäler der Tonkunst in Österreich, 14. Jahrg., 2.T. (Bd. 29, p. xv-xxix)
Leipzig, Breitkopf & Härtel, 1912-25

Heinichen, Johann David
(1683-1729)
KlafskyAnton Klafsky
Heinichen, Johann David
(1683-1729)
SGustav Siebel
Heinichen, Johann David
(1683-1729)
HwvHeinichen-Werke-Verzeichnis
Günther Hausswald
Hingeston, John
(c.1606-1683)
 Emil William Bock
The string fantasies of John Hingeston
Ann Arbor : University Microfilms, 1956. v. 2, p. 1-29.
(for fantasies.)
Hoffman, Ernst Theodor Amadeus
(1776-1822)
AVAllroggen-Verzeichnis
Gerhard Allroggen
Hofmann, Leopold
(1738-1793)
BAllan Badley
Hoffmeister, Franz Anton
(1754-1812)
 Roger Hickman
Two symphonies, them. index D1, 65 / Franz Anton Hoffmeister. no pub.info.
(for symphonies and symphonies concertantes without opus numbers)
Hoffstetter, Roman
(1742-1815)
GottronAdam Gottron, Alan Tyson & Hubert Unvericht
Holmboe, Vagn
(1909-1996)
M (for Meta)Paul Rapoport (b.1909)
Holst, Gustav
(1874-1934)
HImogen Holst (1907-1984)
A Thematic Catalogue of Gustav Holst's Music
London, Faber Music, 1974, 285p. ISBN: 0-571-1004-X
Honegger, Arthur
(1892-1955)
HHarry Halbreich
Hummel, Johann (or Jan) Nepomuk
(1778-1837)
Z, WoOD. Zimmerschied
Hummel, Johann (or Jan) Nepomuk
(1778-1837)
SJoel Sachs
Humperdinck, Engelbert
(1854-1921)
EHWVDr. Eva Humperdinck (the composer's grand-daughter)
Ives, Charles Edward
(1874-1954)
 John Kirkpatrick
A temporary mimeographed catalogue of the music manuscripts and related materials of Charles Edward Ives. n.p., 1960.
Ives, Simon
(1600-1662)
MeyersErnst Hermann Ludimar Meyer (1905-1988)
Die mehrstimmige Spielmusik de 17. Jahrhunderts.
Kassel, Bärenreiter, 1934, p. 154.
(for fantasias)
Jenkins, John
(1592-1678)
MeyersErnst Hermann Ludimar Meyer (1905-1988)
Die mehrstimmige Spielmusik de 17. Jahrhunderts.
Kassel, Bärenreiter, 1934, p. 149-152.
(for fantasias)
Kerckhoven, Abraham van den
(1618?-1701)
 Jos. Watelet
Monumenta musicae Belgicae, 2. jaarg.
Berchem-Antwerpen, De Ring, 1933.
(for thematic index nos. of works for organ)
Kozeluh, Leopold Antonin
(1747-1818)
PostMilan Postolka (1932-1993)
Krauss, Joseph Martin
(1756-1792)
B, VBSystematisch Thematisches Werkes Verzeichnis
Bertil Herman van Boer, Jr.
Joseph Martin Kraus: a systematic-thematic catalogue of his musical works and source study
Stuyvesant, NY; Pendragon Press, 1998, 342p.
ISBN: 0-9451-9369-6
Kreutzer, Conradin
(1780-1849)
KWVKreutzer-Werke-Verzeichnis
Laburda, Jiří
(b.1931)
LabWVJiří Laburda (the composer is the cataloguer)
Lambach, Benedictine Abbey of The Lambach Thematic Catalog (1768) - A Facsimile Edition with Annotations and Commentary
by Charles H. Sherman ISBN 1-57647-002-4
[The collection at Lambach became in time, and remains to the present day, one of the most extensive repositories of music manuscripts at any of the Austrian monasteries. Its holdings are understandably rich in sacred, theatrical and symphonic works by Michael Haydn, the two Mozarts and others in the Salzburg Kapelle. Equally important, however, are its manuscripts of early symphonies by Joseph Haydn and of works in various instrumental genres by Carl Ditters von Dittersdorf; Carlos d'Ordonez, Anton Neumann, Georg Christoph Wagenseil and Johann Baptist Wanhal. In 1768, abbey organist Anton Obermayr compied a 351-page inventory of the music manuscripts on hand at Lambach in that year]
Langgaard, RuedBVNBendt Viinholt Nielsen
Liszt, Franz
(1811-1886)
CLuciano Ciappari
Liszt, Franz
(1811-1886)
LWRena Charnin Mueller and Mária Eckhardt
Liszt, Franz
(1811-1886)
R, RaPeter Raabe (1872-1945)
Franz Liszt: Leben und Schaffen, 1931
Liszt, Franz
(1811-1886)
S, Se, SearleHumphrey Searle (1915-1982)
The Music of Liszt
New York, Dover Publications, 1966, 2nd rev. edition, 207p.
ISBN: 0-486-21700-0
Liszt, Franz
(1811-1886)
SWfor Searle/Winklhofer
Humphrey Searle (1915-1982), updated by Sharon Winklhofer
Locatelli, Pietro Antonio
(1695-1764)
KooleArend Johannes Christiaan Koole
Loeillet, Jacques
(1685-1746)
PriestmanBrian Priestman
Catalogue thématique des oeuvres de Jean-Baptiste, John & Jacques Loeillet
in Revue belge de musicologie VI, 4 (1952), p. 228, 269-274.
Uniform titles for the works, as listed in Priestman, have been established as follows:
Priestman XV (Sonatas, flute & continuo, op. 4)
Priestman XVI (Sonatas, 2 flutes, op. 5)
Priestman XVII (Concerto, oboe & string orchestra, Eb major)
Priestman XVIII (Concerto, flute & string orchestra, D major)
Loeillet, Jean-Baptiste
(1688-c.1720)
PriestmanBrian Priestman
Catalogue thématique des oeuvres de Jean-Baptiste, John & Jacques Loeillet
in Revue Belge de Musicologie VI, 4 (1952), p. 221-224, 229-257.
Uniform titles for the works, as listed in Priestman, have been established as follows:
Priestman I (Sonatas, recorder & continuo, op. 1)
Priestman II (Sonatas, recorder & continuo, op. 2)
Priestman III (Sonatas, recorder & continuo, op. 3)
Priestman IV (Sonatas, recorder & continuo, op. 4)
Priestman V (Sonatas, flute & continuo, op. 5, livre 1)
Priestman VI (Sonatas, 2 flutes, op. 5, livre 2)
Priestman VII (Sonatas, 2 flutes (1729))
Loeillet, John
(1680-1730)
PriestmanBrian Priestman
Catalogue thématique des oeuvres de Jean-Baptiste, John & Jacques Loeillet
in Revue belge de musicologie VI, 4 (1952), p. 225-227, 258-269.
Uniform titles for the works, as listed in Priestman, have been established as follows:
Priestman VIII (Solos, op. 3)
Priestman IX (Sonatas, op. 1)
Priestman X (Trio-sonatas, op. 2)
Priestman XI (Lessons, harpsichord)
Priestman XII (Suits (sic.) of lessons, harpischord (sic.))
Priestman XIII no copy known; probably did not exist.
Priestman XIV Tomlinson, Kellom. Six dances. 1720.
Loeillet (general)PriestmanAll of the works formerly under the heading:
Loeillet, Jean Baptist, (1680-1730) will now be found divided under the headings:
Loeillet, John, 1680-1730 and Loeillet, Jean-Baptiste, b.1688.
The Priestman designation in the uniform titles for these works has been dropped.
In addition, the following uniform titles have been changed from:
Sonatas, 2 flutes (Priestman VII) to Sonatas, 2 flutes, (1729)
Sonatas for variety of instruments, op. 1 (Priestman IX) to Sonatas, op. 1
Lully, Jean-Baptiste
(1632-1687)
L, LWVLully Werkes Verzeichnis
Herbert Schneider
Chronologisch-thematisches Verzeichnis sämtlicher Werke von Jean-Baptiste Lully
Tutzing, H. Schneider, 1981, 570p.
ISBN: 3-7952-0323-6
Lupo, Thomas
(1571-1627)
MeyersErnst Hermann Ludimar Meyer (1905-1988)
Die mehrstimmige Spielmusik de 17. Jahrhunderts.
Kassel, Bärenreiter, 1934, p. 157-159.
(for fantasias)
Mahler, Gustav
(1860-1911)
MartnerKnud Martner
Marais, Marin
(1656-1728)
 The Computer-Produced Thematic Catalog: An Index to the Pieces de Violes of Marin Marais (Vol. 1)
by Garrett H. Bowles, Ann Arbor, UMI. (1993), ISBN: 1878822136
Martini, Giovanni Battista
(1706-1784)
 Bologna. Regio Conservatorio di musica 'G.B. Martini'
Biblioteca. Catalogo della biblioteca Liceo musicale di Bologna. Libreria Romagnoli dall' Acqua,, 1890-
Martinu, Bohuslav
(1890-1959)
HHarry Halbreich
Martinu, Bohuslav
(1890-1959)
SafMilos Safranek
Mauersberger, Rudolf
(1889-1971)
RMWVMathias Herrmann
Möckl, Franz
(b.1925)
MWVWolfgang G. Haas
Molter, Johann Melchior
(1696-1765)
M, MS, MWVMolter Werkes Verzeichnis
Hafner
Monteverdi, Claudio
(1567-1643)
MGian Francesco Malipiero (1882-1973)
Monteverdi, Claudio
(1567-1643)
SVManfred H. Stattkus
Monteverdi, Claudio
(1567-1643)
ZimmFranklin J. Zimmerman (b. 1923)
Mozart, (Johann Georg) Leopold
(1719-1787)
ECliff Eisen's catalogue of Leopold Mozart's symphonies
Leopold Mozart: Ausgewählte Werke
Bad Reichenhall, Comes Verlag, 1990
ISBN: 3-8882-0006-7
Mozart, (Johann Georg) Leopold
(1719-1787)
DTBIX/2Denkmäler der Tonkunst, Max Seiffert
Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus
(1756-1791)
K, KV, KöchelKöchel-Verzeichnis
Ludwig Ritter von Köchel (1800-1877)
Chronologisch-thematisches Verzeichnis sämtlicher Tonwerke Wolfgang Amadé Mozarts
Ann Arbor, Mich., J.W. Edwards, 1947, 3rd edition, 1052p.

Wiesbaden, Breitkopf & Hartel, 1964, 6è édition, 1024p.

Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus
(1756-1791)
K AnhKochel-Anhang, supplement to Ludwig Ritter von Köchel's catalogue
Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus
(1756-1791)
E, K-EAlfred Einstein's revision of Ludwig Ritter von Köchel's catalogue
Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus
(1756-1791)
KonradMozart : Catalogue Of His Works by Konrad, Ulrich
an English translation by J. Bradford Robinson of Konrad's catalogue
Kassel: Bärenreiter ©2006
251 p.
Edition #/ISBN: 3761818483
Muffat, Georg
(1645-1704)
RBartholomäus Riedl
Myslivecek, Josef
(1737-1781)
EvansJosef Myslivecek (1737-1781) : A Thematic Catalogue Of His Instrumental And Orchestral Works by Angela Evans
Musikwissenschaftliche Schriften, Band 35)
München: Katzbichler ©1999
188 p.
Edition #/ISBN: 3873971321
Nielsen, Carl
(1865-1931)
FSDan Fog & Torben Schousboe
Carl Nielsen, kompositioner
Kobenhavn Nyt nordisk forlag, 1965
Novotny, Ferenc
(c.1749-1806)
 Dorottya Somorjay
The Symphony in Hungary ... 1984
Offenbach, Jacques
(1819-1880)
AlAntonio de Almeida
Allroggen Verzeichnis Catalog
Ordoñez, Karl von (1734-1786) (born Carlos d'Ordoñez)BA. Peter Brown
Oxinaga, Joaquin de
(1719-1789)
 Obras Musicales / Joaquin de Oxinaga
Pachelbel, Johann
(1653-1706)
PerreaultThematic Catalogue of the Music Works of Johann Pachelbel by Jean M. Perreault (edited by Donna K. Fitch)
Lanham: Scarecrow Press ©2004
viii, 414 p.
Edition #/ISBN: 0810849704
Paganini, Nicolò
(1782-1840)
M.S.Maria Rosa Moretti and Anna Sorento
Paisiello, Giovanni
(1740-1816)
RobinsonGiovanni Paisiello : A Thematic Catalogue Of His Music / Vol. 1 : Dramatic Works by Michael Robinson
(Thematic Catalogue Series, No. 15)
Stuyvesant: Pendragon Press ©1991
xxv, 591 p.
Edition #/ISBN: 0918728754
Giovanni Paisiello : A Thematic Catalogue Of His Music / Vol. 2 : Non-Dramatic Works by Michael Robinson
coauthor Ulrike Hofmann
(Thematic Catalogue Series, No. 15)
Stuyvesant: Pendragon Press ©1994
343p.
Edition #/ISBN: 0945193602
Parsons, Robert
(1535-1572)
MeyersMeyers, Ernst Hermann Meyer
Die mehrstimmige Spielmusik de 17. Jahrhunderts.
Kassel, Bärenreiter, 1934, p. 160.
(for In nomines)
Pasquini, Bernardo
(1637-1710)
 Pasquini, Bernardo. Collected works for keyboard. ed. by Maurice Brooks Haynes, n.p.
American Institute of Musicology, 1964-68
Pezel, Johann
(1639-1694)
 Elwyn Arthur Wienandt
Johann Pezel, 1639-1694 : a thematic catalogue of his instrumental works.
New York, Pendragon Press, 1983
Pichl, Václav (Wenzel)
(1741-1804)
ZAnita Zakin
Platti, Giovanni Benedetto
(1697-1763)
 Fausto Torrefranca
Giovanni Benedetto Platti e la sonata moderna p. 194
(for harpsichord sonatas)
Pleyel, Ignaz Joseph
(1757-1831)
B, BenRita Benton
Ignace Pleyel: a thematic catalogue of his compositions.
New York, Pendragon Press, 1977
Poulenc, Francis
(1899-1963)
FPCarl B. Schmidt
Pugnani, Gaetano
(1731-1798)
ZschElsa Margherita, Freifrau von Zschinsky-Troxler (1894-)
Gaetano Pugnani, 1731-1798
Berlin, Atlantis-Verlag, 1939
Purcell, Henry
(1659-1695)
ZFranklin B. Zimmerman (b.1923)
Henry Purcell: Melodic and Intervallic Indexes to his Complete Works
Philadelphia, Smith-Edwards-Dunlap, 1975, 133p.
ISBN: 0-8443-0068-3

Henry Purcell, 1659-1695: an Analytical Catalogue of his Music
London, Macmillan, 1963.

Quantz, Johann Joachim
(1697-1773)
QVQuantz-Verzeichnis
Horst Augsbach
Johann Joachim Quantz, thematisches Verzeichnis Sachsische Landesbibliothek, 1984.
Quantz, Johann Joachim
(1697-1773)
 Karl-Heinz Kohler
Die Triosonate bei den Dresdener Zeitgenossen J. S. Bachs. Jena, 1956. (Dissertation)
Quantz, Johann Joachim
(1697-1773)
 Edward R. Reilly
Quantz and his "Versuch" : Three studies.
New York, American Musicological Society, 1971
Reger, Max
(1873-1916)
AVErich H. Mueller von Asow (1892-1964)
Respighi, Ottorino
(1879-1936)
PPotito Pedarra (b. 1945)
Rheinberger, Josef
(1839-1901)
RhVHans-Josef Irmen
Ries, Ferdinand
(1784-1838)
 Ferdinand Ries : A Thematic Catalogue by Cecil Hill
Armindale, N.S.W
Univ. Press New England ©1977
xx, 260 p.
Edition #/ISBN: 0858341565
Rimeria Musicale Popolare Italiana Nel Rinascimento Rimeria Musicale Popolare Italiana Nel Rinascimento by Claudio Gallico
Catalogue of popular music handwritten or printed in Italy between 1480 & 1530 location of sources, bibliographic references, thematic catalogue, verses.
(Strumenti Della Ricerca Musicale, Vol. 1)
Lucca: Libreria Musicale Italiana ©1996
229 p.#
Edition #/ISBN: 8870960544
Rolla, AlessandoBLcatalogue of works by Alessandro Rolla
Roman, Johan Helmich
(1694-1758)
BeRi, BengtssonIngmar Bengtsson
J.H. Roman och hans instrumentalmusik.
Uppsala, 1955.
Rosetti, Francesco Antonio
(originally Anton Rössler)
(c.1750-1792)
K, KaulOskar (Askar) Kaul (1885-1986)
Thematisches Verzeichnis der Instrumental Werke von Anton Rosetti (originally 1912)
Weisbaden, Breitkopf & Härtel, 1968, 27p.

Denkmäler deutscher Tonkunst, 2. Folge, 12. Jahrg., 1. Bd. and 25. Jahrg.
Leipzig, Breitkopf & Härtel, 1912-25.

Rosetti, Francesco Antonio
(originally Anton Rössler)
(c.1750-1792)
M, RWVRosetti-Werke-Verzeichnis
Sterling E. Murray
The music of Antonio Rosetti: a thematic catalog
Warren, MI; Harmonie Park Press, 1996, 861p.
ISBN: 0-8999-0105-0
Rosetti, Francesco Antonio
(originally Anton Rössler)
(c.1750-1792)
SchmidHans Schmid
Rust, Friedrich Wilhelm
(1739-1796)
 Rudolf Czach
Friedrich Wilhelm Rust
Ryba, Jakub Jan
(1765-1815)
  Jan. Nemecek
Jakub Jan Ryba: zivot a dílo. -- 1. vyd.
Praha : Státní hydební vydavatelství, 1963
Sammartini, Giovanni Battista
(c.1701-1775)
JCNewell Jenkins (1915-1996) & Bathia Churgin (b.1928)
Thematic Catalog of the Works of Giovanni Battista Sammartini: orchestral and vocal music
Cambridge, MA; Harvard University Press, 1976, 315p.
ISBN: 0-6748-7735-7
Saint-Saëns, Camille
(1835-1921)
RSabina Teller Ratner
A thematic catalogue of his complete works, volume 1: the instrumental works
OUP (Oxford & New York, 2002); xxvii, 628pp; L120. ISBN 0 19 816320 7
Scarlatti, Domenico
(1685-1757)
K, Kk, KirkpatrickRalph Kirkpatrick (1911-1984)
Dominico Scarlatti
Princeton, NJ., Princeton University Press, 1981, 491p.
ISBN: 0-691-09101-3
Scarlatti, Domenico
(1685-1757)
L, LongoAlessandro Longo (1864-1945)
Indice tematico delle sonate per clavicembalo
Milano, Ricordi Ripristino, 1952, 36p.
Scarlatti, Domenico
(1685-1757)
PGiorgio Pestelli (b. 1938)
Scharwenka, (Franz) Xaver
(1850-1924)
ScharWVMatthias Schneider-Dominco
Scheidemann, Heinrich
(c.1595-1663)
WVWerner Breig
Scheidt, Samuel
(1587-1654)
SSWVKlaus-Peter Koch
Schneider, Franz
(1737-1812)
 Robert N. Freeman
Franz Schneider (1737-1812) : a thematic catalog of his works.
New York, Pendragon, 1979.
Schubert, Franz
(1797-1828)
D, DeutschOtto Erich Deutsch (1883-1967)
Franz Schubert: Themastisches Verzeichnis seiner Werke in chronologischer Folge
Kassel, Barenreiter, 1978, 712p.
ISBN: 3-7618-0571-3

Schubert: Thematic Catalogue of all his Works in Chronological Order.
London : Dent, 1951

Schütz, Heinrich
(1585-1672)
S, SWVSchutz-Werke-Verzeichnis
Werner Bittinger
Schutz Werke Verzeichnis
Kassel, Barenreiter, 1960, 191p.
Sibelius, Jean
(1865-1957)
JSWFabian Dahlström
Sibelius, Jean
(1865-1957)
TErnst Tanzberger
Soler, Antonio
(1729-1783)
MFrederick Marvin (b.1923)
Sonatas for piano, by Soler (London, 1957- ).
Soler, Antonio
(1729-1783)
S, SR, (formerly also R)Padre Samuel Rubio
Antonio Soler, Catalogo Critico
Madrid, Instituto Musica Religiosa Cuenca, 1980, 151p.
Soler, Antonio
(1729-1783)
RGilbert Rowland (b.1946) started a Soler catalogue and series of recordings of harpsichord works in 1975
Soloistic English Horn Literature
(1736-1984)
 Soloistic English Horn Literature : A Thematic Catalogue by William W. Mccullen
(Juilliard Performance Guides, No. 4)
Stuyvesant: Pendragon Press ©1993[94]
267 p.
Edition #/ISBN: 0918728789
Sowerby, Leo
(1895-1968)
HRonald M. Huntington
Sperger, Johann Matthias
(1750-1812)
 Thematisches Werkverzeichnis der Kompositionen von Johannes Sperger (1750-1812) / zusammengestellt und dokumentiert von Adolf Meier
Michaelstein, Kulturund Forschungsstäatte Michaelstein, 1990
Stamitz, Anton
(c.1750-c.1796)
 Adolf Sandberger
Sinfonien der pfalzbayerischen Schule(Denkmäler der Tonkunst in Bayern , 3. Jahrg., 1. Bd.).
Stamitz, Johann
(1717-1757)
 Eugene K. Wolf
The symphonies of Johann Stamitz
(for symphonies and orchestral trios without opus numbers)
Stepán, Josef Antonín
(1726-1797)
 Dana Setková
Klavírní dílo Josefa Antonína Stepána
Praha, 1965.
(for harpsichord and and piano works)
Sterndale Bennett. William
(1816-1875)
WilliamsonWilliam Sterndale Bennett : A Descriptive Thematic Catalogue by Rosemary Williamson
Oxford: Clarendon Press ©1995
xxxv, 567 p.
Edition #/ISBN: 0198164386
Stolz, Robert
(1880-1975)
RSWVStephan Pflicht
Strauss, Johann I (1804-1849)
Eduard (son of Johann I) (1835-1916)
Johann III (son of Eduard) (1866-1939)
SAVStrauss-Allianz-Verzeichnis (in preparation)
Strauss, Johann II (son of Johann I)
(1825-1899)
SEVStrauss-Elementar-Verzeichnis
Strauss, Johann II (son of Johann I)
(1825-1899)
S/RMax Schoenherr/Karl Reinhold
Strauss, Richard
(1864-1949)
A, AV, MvAAsow-Verzeichnis
Erich Hermann Müller von Asow (1892-1964)
Richard Strauss: Thematisches Verzeichnis
Wein, L. Doblinger, 1959-, 29 vols.
Strauss, Richard
(1864-1949)
TrVFranz Trenner
Richard Strauss: Werkeverzeichnis (based on the catalogue of Mueller von Asow)
Wein, Verlag Dr. Richard Strauss, 1999, 395p.
ISBN 3-9019-7400-8
Süssmayr, Franz Xaver
(1766-1803)
SmWVErich Duda
Symphonic And Chamber Music Score And Parts Bank Thematic Catalogue  of the Barry S. Brook Facsimile Archive of eighteenth- and early nineteenth-century Autographs, Manuscripts, and Printed Copies at the Ph.D. Program in Music of the Graduate School of the City University of New York by Ruth Hall Rowen.
(Thematic Catalogue Series, No. 24)
Stuyvesant: Pendragon Press ©1996
xii,331 p.
Edition #/ISBN: 094519384X
Tartini, Giuseppe
(1692-1770)
D, DouniasMinos Dounias (1900-1962)
Die Violinkonzerte G. Tartinis.
Wolfenbüttel, Moseler Verlag, 1966
Tartini, Giuseppe
(1692-1770)
 Brainard
Thematic index nos.
(for violin sonatas, e.g., Sonatas, violin, continuo, B. D 12, D major.)
Tchaikovsky, Peter Ilich
(1840-1893)
ČWPetr Il'ič Čajkovskij (New Edition of the Complete Works [Moscou: Muzyka; Mayence: Schott])
Tchaikovsky, Peter Ilich
(1840-1893)
Polina Vajdman, Ljudmila Korabel'nikova & Valentina RubcovaThematic And Bibliographical Catalogue Of P. I. Tchaikovsky's Works / Second Edition
Moscow: Edition Jurgenson ©2006
lxxx, 1107 p.
Edition #/ISBN: 5972000016
Tchaikovsky, Peter Ilich
(1840-1893)
JBoris Jurgenson (1868-1935)
Telemann, Georg Phillip
(1681-1767)
SSKaethe Schaefer-Schmuck
Telemann, Georg Phillip
(1681-1767)
HoenerHans Hoener
Telemann, Georg Phillip
(1681-1767)
HoffAdolph Hoffman
Telemann, Georg Phillip
(1681-1767)
KrossSiegfied Kross
Telemann, Georg Phillip
(1681-1767)
T, TVWVWerner Menke (vocal works)
Thematisches Verzeichnis der Vokalwerke von Georg Philip Telemann
Frankfurt, Vittorio Klostermann, 1982, 2 vol.
ISBN: 3-465-01512-6, 3-465-01583-5
Telemann, Georg Phillip
(1681-1767)
T, TWVMartin Ruhnke (non-vocal works)
Georg Philip Telemann: Thematisch-Systematisches Verzeichnisseiner Werke
Kassel, Barenreiter, 1984, 1992, 2000, 3 vols.
ISBN: 3-7618-0655-8, 3-7618-1043-1
Tietz, Anton Ferdinand
(1742-1810)
TTKTietz Tematiceskogo Kataloga
Natal'ja Valer'evna Gubkina
Torelli, Giuseppe
(1658-1709)
G, GieFranz Giegling (b.1921)
Giuseppe Torelli: ein Beitrag zur Entwicklungstgeschichte des italienischen Konzerts.
Kassel, Bärenreiter, 1949.
Tye, Christopher
(1505-1573)
 R. W. Weidner
The instrumental music, C. Tye.
New Haven, A-R Editions, 1967.
Valentine, Robert
(c.1680-1735)
Bradford YoungA Thematic Catalog of the Works of Robert Valentine by J. Bradford Young
The Scarecrow Press, Inc., 1994 ISBN: 0-914954-46-6
Vanhal (Wanhal, Wanhall), Johann Baptist
(1739-1813)
BPaul Robey Bryan
The symphonies of Johann Vanhall
(Thematic Catalogue Series, No. 23)
Stuyvesant: Pendragon Press ©1997
xxiii,558 p.
Edition #/ISBN: 0945193637
Vanhal (Wanhal, Wanhall), Johann Baptist
(1739-1813)
WAlexander Weinmann
Vaughan Williams, Ralph
(1872-1958)
 Michael Kennedy (1926-)
A catalogue of the works of Ralph Vaughan Williams. Rev. ed. -- London, New York, Oxford University Press, 1982.
Venetian Ospedali Composers, Music of theWhittemoreMusic Of The Venetian Ospedali Composers : A Thematic Catalogue by Whittemore, Joan
Thematic catalogue of nearly 1300 manuscripts, including for the first time nearly 700 mss from the archives of St. Mark's. Composers with multiple entries include Anfossi, Bertoni, Furlanetto, Galuppi, Hasse, Jommelli, Lotti, Porpora Archive & composers indexes, bibliography.
(Thematic Catalogue Series, No. 21)
Stuyvesant: Pendragon Press ©1995
ix, 184 p.
Edition #/ISBN: 0945193726
Villa-Lobos, Heitor
(1887-1959)
Wreference to the list of works found in the appendices of Heitor Villa-Lobos by David P. Appleby
Bio-Bibliographies in Music No. 9 (ISSN: 0742-6968)
Greenwood Press. Westport, Conn. 1988. 372 pages
LC 87-28042. ISBN 0-313-25346-3
Viotti, Giovanni Battista
(1755-1824)
G, GiaRemo Giazotto (b.1910), catalogue of the violin concertos
Giovan Battista Viotti
Milano, Curci, 1956, 390p.
Viotti, Giovanni Battista
(1755-1824)
PouArthur Pougin
Viotti, Giovanni Battista
(1755-1824)
WChappell White
Giovanni Battista Viotti (1755-1824), a thematic catalogue of his works by Chappell White
(Thematic Catalogue Series, No. 12)
Stuyvesant: Pendragon Press ©1985
Edition #/ISBN: 0918728436
Vivaldi, Antonio
(1678-1741)
F, FaAntonio Fanna (Fanna-Verzeichnis)
Opere strumentali di Antonio Vivaldi: Catalogo numerico-tematico (secondo la catalogazione Fanna)
Milano, G. Ricordi & Co., 1986, 2e edizione, 185p.
ISBN: 88-7592-022-2
Vivaldi, Antonio
(1678-1741)
MGian Francesco Malipiero (1882-1973)
Vivaldi, Antonio
(1678-1741)
PMark Pincherle (1888-1974)Antonio Vivaldi et la musique instrumentale Tome II: Inventaire thématique
Paris, Librairie Floury, 1948, 78p.
Vivaldi, Antonio
(1678-1741)
RRicordi (publisher) of Malipiero's catalogue
Vivaldi, Antonio
(1678-1741)
R, RV, Ry, RyomRyom-Verzeichnis
Peter Ryom (b.1937)
Verzeichnis der Werke Antonio Vivaldis
Leipzig, VEB, 1974, 212p.

Antonio Vivaldi : table de concordances des oeuvres
København, Enstrom & Sodring, 1973.

Verzeichnis der Werke Antonio Vivaldis. -- Kleine Aug.
København, Engstrom & Sodring, 1974.

Répertoire des oeuvres instrumentales d'Antonio Vivaldi
København, Engstrom & Sodring, 1986, 726p.
ISBN: 87-8709-119-4

Vivaldi, Antonio
(1678-1741)
R, RNMario Rinaldi
Catalogo numerico tematico delle composizioni di Antonio Vivaldi
Roma, Edritice Cultura moderna, 1945?, 307p.
Vogler, Georg Joseph
(1749-1814)
 Karl Emil von Schafhautl
Abt Georg Joseph Vogler
Augsburg, M. Huttler, 1888.
Wagenseil, Georg Christoph
(1715-1777)
Mich, W, WVWagenseil-Verzeichnis
Helga Schölz-Michelitsch
Das Klavierwerk von Georg Christoph Wagenseil

Das Orchester- und Kammermusik von Georg Christoph Wagenseil

Wagner, Richard
(1813-1883)
KastEmerich Kastner
Wagner, Richard
(1813-1883)
W, WWVWagner Werkes Verzeichnis
John Deathridge, Martin Geck, Egon Voss (b.1937)
Wagner Werk Verzeichnis: Verzeichnis der musikalischen WerkeRichard Wagners und ihrer Quellen
Mainz, Schott, 1986, 607p.
ISBN: 3-7957-2201-2
Ward, John
(1571-1638)
 Musica Britannica, v. IX.
Weber, Carl Maria von
(1786-1826)
JFriedrich Wilhelm Jähns (1809-1888)
Carl Maria von Weber in seinen Werken: Chronologish-Thematisches verzeichnis seiner samtlichen compositionen
Berlin, Lienau, 1967, 476p.
Weber, Carl Maria von
(1786-1826)
WeVin preparation
Weiner, Stanley
(1925-1991)
WeinWVWolfgang G. Haas
Weiss, Silvius Leopold
(1687-1750)
(originally S for Smith) now SC or S-CDouglas Alton Smith and Tim Crawford
Weiss, Silvius Leopold
(1687-1750)
 Josef Klima
Josef. Silvius Leopold Weiss: Kompositionen fur die Laute, Quellen- und Themenverzeichnis.
Wien, J. Klima, 1975.
Weyse, Christoph Ernst Friedrich
(1774-1842)
DFDan Fog
Willan, Healey
(1880-1968)
HWVBryant, Giles
Healy Willan Catalogue
Ottawa, National Library of Canada, 1972, 174p.

Healy Willian Catalogue Supplement
Ottawa, National Library of Canada, 1982, 51p.
ISBN: 0-662-51783-0

Winkler, Gerhard
(1906-1977)
GWWVStephan Pflicht
Wolffheim, Werner Joachim
(1877-1930)
 Werner Joachim Wolffheim (1877-1930)
Versteigerung der Musikbibliothek des Herrn Dr. Werner Wolffheim.
Berlin, 1928-1929.
Woll, Erna
(b.1917)
WWVGünther Gründsteudel
Zach, Jan
(1699-1773)
KommaKarl Michael Komma
Zelenka, Jan Dismas
(1679-1745)
ZWVWolfgang Reich
Jan Dismas Zelenka: Thematisch-systematisches Verzeichnis der Musikalischen Werke
Dresden, Sachsische Landesbibliotek Dresden, 1985, 2 vols.
cataloguer(French) to catalogue, to label (a person) (pejorative)
Catalogue raisonné (s.), Catalogues raisonnés (s.)(English, French m.) a monograph giving a comprehensive catalogue of artworks by an artist. The essential elements of a catalogue raisonné are that it purports to be an exhaustive list of works for a defined subject matter describing the works in a way so that they may be reliably identified by third parties
Catalogue, thematicsee 'thematic catalogue'
Cataloguingthe creation of long lists for poetic or rhetorical effect. The technique is common in epic literature, where conventionally the poet would devise long lists of famous princes, aristocrats, warriors, and mythic heroes
Catalyseur(French m.) catalyst (a substance that facilitates a chemical reaction while remaining unchanged by it)
Catalysis(Greek) a chemical reaction mediated by a catalyst
Catamaran(Tamil) a boat stabilized by one or more floats
Catanuelassee palillos
Cataphote(French m.) reflector
Cataplasme(French m.) poultice
Catapulte(French f.) catapult
catapulter(French) to catapult
Cataracta large waterfall
a medical condition of the eye that involves the clouding or opacification of the natural lens of the eye
Cataracte(French f.) cataract
Catarrhinflammation of the mucous membrane of the nose, air-passages, etc.
mucus caused by inflammation of the mucous membrane of the nose, air-passages, etc.
Catarro(Italian m.) catarrh
Catastrophe(English, French f.) disaster
the "turning downward" of the plot in a classical tragedy. By tradition, the catastrophe occurs in the fourth act of the play after the climax
catastrophique(French) catastrophic
Cat boator catboat, a sailboat with a single mast set far forward
Catboot(German n.) catboat, cat boat
Catch(French m.) (all-in) wrestling
Catcha round for three or more unaccompanied male voices often with humorous or bawdy lyrics, which first begame popular during the reign of Charles II, so-called because the round or canon was written as a single line and each singer had to judge their correct point of entry
Catch clubsnewspapers of 160 years ago speak of Catch Clubs at Canterbury, Rochester, Maidstone and, I dare say, many places elsewhere in the United Kingdom. For example, the Canterbury Catch Club was a music and social club which met in the city between 1779 and 1865. Their repertoire comprised various choral pieces and, in particular, short secular songs penned by composers such as Henry Purcell and John Blow - well-known and popular composers from Stuart and Georgian England. Glees were typically four part harmony songs for male voices, and clubs devoted to singing them had been popular since the mid-eighteenth century. By 1900, the Catch Clubs had evolved into 'Choral Unions' in the towns
Catchen(German n.) wrestling
Catcheur (m.), Catcheuse (f.)(French) (all-in) wrestler
Catchlineshort line of type, usually at the head of copy or as a running headline
Catchpennysomething intended only to be sold quickly, and therefore superficially attractive
Catch-phrasea phrase in frequent use, often associated in music hall with a particular performer
Catchup(English, German m./n.) or, in English, ketchup or catsup, also known as Tomato Ketchup, Tomato Sauce, Red Sauce, Tommy Sauce, or Tommy K is a condiment
Catchwordphrase, word or slogan in frequent use, used often to draw attention
this phrase comes from printing; it refers to a trick printers would use to keep pages in their proper order. The printer would print a specific word below the text at the bottom of a page. This word would match the first word on the next page. A printer could thus check the order by flipping quickly from one page to the next and making sure the catchword matched appropriately. This trick has been valuable to modern codicologists because it allows us to note missing pages that have been lost, misplaced, or censored
Catchyof a tune, one that is easy to remember
Catechin(English, German n.) a crystalline substance, C 15 H 14 O 6 , derived from black catechu and used in tanning and dyeing
(English, German n.) a subgroup of bioflavonoid molecules, having antioxidant properties, that naturally occur in the herb Camellia sinensis, Green Tea
Catéchisme(French m.) catechism
Categoria(Italian f.) category
Categorical perceptionthe tendency to perceive some stimuli as falling into discrete categories rather than in terms of gradients. In categorical perception, a perceptual "boundary" will be evident, even though the physical phenomenon is continuous
one of the clearest examples of categorical perception may be found in the perception of colour. Physics tells us that a rainbow exhibits a continuous gradient of wavelengths from longer wavelengths (seen as red) to shorter wavelengths (seen as blue). Although the rainbow is physically continuous, our perceptual experience is of discrete "bands" of colour: red, yellow, green, etc.
in sound, categorical perception is evident in the perception of phonemic speech categories, such as the distinction between /d/ and /t/. In music, categorical perception is evident in the perception of pitch, interval sizes, chord qualities and rhythm
categorico(Italian) categorical
Catégorie(French f.) category, type
Catégories de voix(French f.pl.) voice types
catégorique(French) categorical
Categoryclass or division (of things, ideas, etc.)
Catena (s.), Catenae (Latin pl.)(Italian f.) Bassbalken (German m.), barre (d'harmonie) (French), bassbar (of a stringed instrument)
(Italian f.) chain, bond (figurative), tie (figurative), fetter (figurative), impediment (figurative), series, continuous succession, range (of mountains)
(Latin) a connected series (of writings), for example, with the primary text and its commentary placed side by side in two linked columns
Catenaccio(Italian m.) bolt (on a door)
Catena di trilli(Italian f.) a succession or chain of trills or shakes
Catene(Italian f. pl.) chains
Catenella(Italian f.) a small chain, a fine chain
Catenella d'orologio(Italian f.) a watch-chain
Caterer(English, German m.) someone who provides food and service (as for a party)
caters for all tastesseeks to meet a wide range of needs or desires
Catering(English, German n.) providing food and services
cater topander to (especially low taste)
Caterwaulingmaking a shrill howl like a cat, or such a noise
Catgut(English, German n.) material used for the strings of musical instruments, usually made of the intestines of sheep, horses, etc. (but not cats)
see 'gut'
Catgut Acoustical Societyestablished in 1963, the society seeks to stimulate pioneering research in acoustical principles and the application of these principles to the making of fine stringed instruments, including the Violin Octet. From its founding, CAS began compiling an extensive collection of acoustics research files, which were sometimes donated to the society upon the death of one of its members. Fully searchable World Wide Web pages have been created which outline the library contents for those files on location at CCRMA. In addition, an online index to the Catgut Acoustical Society Newsletters and Journals (1964-1994) has been made available on this site. Current file drawers exist for such people as Louis Condax, Robert Fryxell, Felix Savart, John Shelleng, and Melville Clark. The collection also includes a complete set of the CAS Journal publications, and two Benchmark volumes of definitive papers in violin acoustics
Catharalso known as Albigensians, member of a heretical movement found in Germany, Italy and France in the 11th to 13th centuries, based on a dualist belief in two Gods, one of good and one of evil
Catharist(English, German m.) one aiming at or pretending to a greater purity of life or doctrine than others about him
Catharsisthe Greek word for purgation, cleansing, and purification is a word that has become part of the learned vocabulary of scholars. It is derived from katharein, a Greek word meaning 'to cleanse'. It has come down to contemporary discourse by way of religious, medical, and learned traditions. Poetry, music, and dance were strictly connected with each other as ritual means to purification and purgation. The Pythagoreans used music to induce harmony of the soul. For them music was a medicine. Hippocratic medical practice provides a background connecting ritual catharsis and therapeutical catharsis with the arts. It is difficult to distinguish between religion and medicine in this tradition, both close to the practice of the arts
  • Catharsis from which this extract has been taken
Catharismthe Novatianism (3rd century), Albigensianism (12th century), a Christian movement considered to be a medieval descendant of Manichaeism in southern France in the 12th and 13th centuries, characterised by dualism (asserted the coexistence of two mutually opposed principles, one good and one evil) that was exterminated for heresy during the Inquisition
Catharismus(German m.) catharism
Catharticeffecting catharsis
Cathedra(Latin, literally 'seat' or 'throne') the throne of a bishop
Cathedral(Latin cathedra, literally 'seat' or 'throne') the principal church of a province or diocese, where the throne of the bishop is placed. For reasons lost to time and tradition, a cathedral always faces west - toward the setting sun. The altar is placed at the east end. The main body, or nave, of the cathedral is usually divided into one main and two side aisles. These lead up to the north and south transepts, or arms of the cross, the shape in which a cathedral is usually formed
Cathédrale(French f.) cathedral
Cathedral musica reference to music composed in a style suitable for use in a cathedral service, this term is usually applied to settings of the canticles, and to anthems
Catholicin its broadest non-religious sense, a term that describes a wide range of sympathies or interests, indeed used often as a synonym for 'universal'
Catholicon(Greek) a universal remedy, a comprehensive treatise
catholique(French) Catholic
Catholicisme(French m.) Catholicism
Catnapa short sleep
Catoptricsthe part of optics that deals with reflection
Catoptromancydivination by means of mirrors
catorce(Spanish) fourteen
catorze(Catalan) fourteen
Catrame(Italian m.) tar
Ca tru(Vietnamese) also called hat a dao or hat noi (literally, 'song of the women singers'); associated with a geisha type of entertainment, attractive young singers entertained men in a relaxed environment, sometimes serving drinks and snacks. Men might have visited a hat a dao inn with friends to celebrate a successful business deal or the birth of a son. Ca tru flourished in the fifteenth century in northern Vietnam when it was popular with the royal palace and a favorite hobby of aristocrats and scholars. Later it was performed in communal houses, inns and private homes. These performances were mostly for men. When men entered a ca tru inn, they purchased bamboo tally cards. In Chinese, tru means card. Ca means song in Vietnamese. Hence the name, ca tru which means 'tally card songs'. The tallies were given to the singers in appreciation for the performance. After the performance, each singer received payment in proportion to the number of cards received
Catsuitpopular in the 1960s, all-in-one garment, usually zipped or buttoned from navel to neck
Cattedra(Italian f.) chair (in a University)
Cattedrale(Italian f.) cathedral
Cattiveria(Italian f.) wickedness, naughtiness, wicked action
cattivo(Italian) bad, naughty (child), rough (sea)
Cattivo tempo(Italian m.) the unaccented part of a bar
Cattivo umore(Italian m.) ill humour, ill temper
Catull(German m.) Catullus
Catullus, Gaius Valerius
(c.84-c.54 BC)
Roman lyric poet remembered for his love poems to an aristocratic Roman woman (84-54 BC)
Catwalk(English, German m.) narrow platform extending out into an auditorium, used by models to display clothing, etc. at fashion shows
Caucciù(Italian m.) rubber
Cauchemar(French m.) a nightmare, a bugbear, a nagging worry
Cauchieafter Maurice Cauchie, the cataloguer of music by François Couperin (1668-1733)
Cauda(Latin, literally 'tail') stem of a note in medieval notation
(Latin root of coda) a term used in the study of conductus of the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. The cauda refers to a long melisma on one of the last syllables of the text, repeated in each strophe. Conducti were traditionally divided into two groups, conductus cum caudae and conductus sin caudae (Latin: 'conductus with caude', 'conductus without caude'), based on the presence of the melisma. The cauda thus provided a conclusionary role, similar to the modern coda
Caudate rhymeanother term for tail-rhyme or rime couée
Caudillo(Spanish m.) a leader of a group, a captain
Caula skull cap of silk, worn alone or under a hat, often worn by maidens, or a bag-shaped hair net (of gold mesh lined with silk, or made entirely of silk thread with human hair), which held the hair back in a coil
Cauld wind pipessee 'lowland pipes'
Causa(German f. - Austria) case
Causa causans(Latin) the cause that actually produces the effect
Causa mortis(Latin) cause of death
Causa movens(Latin) the reason for undertaking as action
causar destrozos(Spanish) to ruin
Causa sine qua non(Latin) a necessary cause, but not one that plays a direct part in a result
causat.abbreviation of 'causative' (expressing a cause or reason)
Cause(French f.) cause, case (legal)
Cause célèbre(English, German f., French f.) a celebrated law-suit
causer(French) to cause, to chat
Causerie(French f.) talk, an informal discussion, a light-hearted article on a literary topic
Causette(French f.) chat
Causeuse(French f.) a small sofa on which two people can sit and talk
caustique(French) caustic
Caution(French f.) surety, bail, (financial) backing, deposit
Cautionary accidentalsee 'accidental'
cautionner(French) to guarantee, to back (support, usually financial)
ça va barder(French) sparks will fly
Cavachaby the mid-seventies, several Zaïrean groups were playing rumba music at night clubs. One characteristic of their style caught on in Kenya and remains a key feature in most Kenyan music today, the cavacha rhythm. The Kenyan definition of cavacha covers a family of rhythms, something akin to the 'shave­and­a­haircut, six­bits' or son clavé beat. This fast paced rhythm played on the snare drum or high hat quickly became a hallmark of the Zaïrean sound in Nairobi and is frequently used by many of the regional bands
  • Cavacha from which this extract has been taken
Cavacosee cavaquinho
C-avain
C clef(Finnish) a clef sign which marks the position of the note C on the staff, for example, the alto clef
Cavalsee kaval
Cavalcade(French f.) stampede, rush
procession or assembly of riders, vehicles, etc.
Cavalerie(French f.) cavalry (miltary), horses (in a circus)
Cavalier(French m.) male partner at a dance, male partner of the ballerina, knight (in chess)
a follower of Charles I of England in his struggles with the Puritan-dominated parliament
Cavalier (m.), Cavalière (f.)(French m./f.) rider
cavalier (m.), cavalière (f.)(French) offhand, supercilious, curt
Cavalier dramaa form of English drama comprising court plays to which Charles I's Queen gave patronage in the 1630s
Cavaliere(Italian m.) male partner of the ballerina
Cavalière(French f.) female partner at a dance
Cavaliere servente(Italian m.) recognised lover of a married woman
Cavalier poetsa group of Cavalier English lyric poets who supported King Charles I and wrote during his reign. The major Cavalier poets included Thomas Carew (1594-1640), Edmund Waller (1606-1687), Richard Lovelace (1618-1657), Sir John Suckling (1609-42), and Robert Herrick (1591-1674). They largely abandoned the sonnet form favoured for a century earlier, but they still focused on the themes of love and sensuality
Cavalletta(Italian f.) grasshopper
Cavalletto (s.), Cavellitti (Italian pl.)(German n., Italian m.) synonymous with ponticello, trestle, tripod (for a camera), gantry, low jumps for schooling horses (plural form)
Cavalletto da pittore(Italian m.) (painter's) easel
Cavallina(Italian, literally, 'filly') in singing, a forced, jerky delivery
Cavallo(Italian m.) horse, horsepower, knight, crotch (trousers)
Cavallo a dondolo(Italian m.) rocking-horse
Cavallone(Italian m.) roller
Cavalquet(French) a cavalry trumpet call
Cavalry trumpetsee 'natural trumpet'
Cavaquinho(English, German n., from the Portuguese) also called machimbo, machim, machete, manchete, marchete, braguinha, braguinho and cavaco, a small guitar with four strings that comes in many different forms all quite similar. These include the most traditional, the cavaquinho minhoto, the cavaquinho of Coimbra and the cavaquinho of Lisboa. Because of POrtugal's colonial and trading history, this instrument spread into other regions and mixed with other cultures leading to the braguinha and the rajão (from Funchal in Madeira, Portugal), the cavaquinho of Brazil (and cross between the cavaquinho and the banjo, the samba banjo of Brazil) and the ukulele (from Hawaii). The most common tuning is D-G-B-D
[entry corrected by Michael Zapf]
cavare(Italian) to take out, to take off
cavarsela(Italian) to get away with it
ça va sans dire(French) that is too obvious to mention
Cavata(Italian) production of tone
Cavata(Italian) in the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries, a cavata (Italian, literally 'epigram') was a setting in aria style of the last line or couplet of a recitative text. By the first half of the eighteenth century, the diminutive of cavata, cavatina, described a specially composed aria, with instrumental accompaniment, set to blank or rhymed verse and without a second section or a da capo or recapitulation. By 1750 the words cavata and cavatina were used without distinction
Cavatappi(Italian m.) corkscrew
Cavatina(Italian f., Spanish f.) a specially composed aria, with instrumental accompaniment, set to blank or rhymed verse and without a second section or a da capo or recapitulation
Cavatine(French) cavatina
Cave(Latin) beware!
(French f.) cellar
cave(French) sunken
Caveat(Latin) let him (or her) beware
(English, from the Latin, literally 'beware', 'take care') warning, proviso
an entry in the court records that effectively prevents action by another party without first notifying the party entering the caveat
Caveat emptor(Latin) let the buyer beware (he buys at his own risk)
Caveat venditor(Latin) let the seller beware (he sells at his own risk)
Caveau(French m.) vault
Caverna(Italian f.) cave
Caverne(French f.) cave
cavernoso(Italian) deep (voice)
Caves and commonsa colloquial term for the two main types of working area: caves represent private areas used for concentrated thinking; commons refers to open spaces designed to encourage discussion and the exchange of information and ideas
Cavezza(Italian f.) halter
Cavia(Italian f.) guinea-pig
Caviale(Italian m.) caviare
Caviar(French m.) caviare
Caviarethe roe of the sturgeon
Caviglia(Italian f.) ankle
Cavigliera(Italian f.) pegbox (on a violin, etc.), cassetta dei piroli (Italian f.), cassa dei bischeri (Italian f.), Wirbelkasten (German m.), chevillier (French m.), clavijero (Spanish m.)
cavillare(Italian) to quibble
Cavità(Italian f.) cavity
Cavité(French f.) cavity
Cavo(Italian m.) cavity, cable (metal), rope (nautical)
cavo(Italian) hollow
Cavolfiore(Italian m.) cauliflower
Cavolo(Italian m.) cabbage
Cavolo di Bruzelles(Italian m.) Brussels sprout
Cavo rilievo(Italian m.) a sculpture in which only the outlines of the figures are incised
Cavortcaper excitedly
CaxambúBrazilian conga drum
Caxixialternatively, chocalho, ganzá or xique-xique, small basket shaker
Cayennepfeffer(German m.) cayenne pepper, red pepper, cayenne (pepper)
Caymaninseln(German pl.) Cayman Islands
Cayman Islandsa British colony in the Caribbean to the northwest of Jamaica
Cazzuola(Italian f.) trowel
Cb.(Italian) abbreviated form of contrabasso (double bass) or col basso (with the bass)
Cb.(German) abbreviated form of Contrabässe
cbabbreviation of 'contrabass' (instrument)
c.B.abbreviated form of col basso (Italian: with the bass)
CB-Funk(German m.) citizens band radio, citizens' band
CB-Rufzeichen(German n.) CB handle (colloquial)
C-barré
alla breve (French) the symbol for alla breve, alla cappella or 'cut time', used for quick duple time in which the minim or half note is given one beat instead of two
CBCabbreviation of 'Canadian Broadcasting Corporation'
Cb.Cl.abbreviation of 'contrabass clarinet'
CBE abbreviation of 'Commander of the Order of the British Empire'
C.Bn.abbreviation of 'contra bassoon'
CBRacronym for 'constant bit rate'
CBSOabbreviation of 'City of Birmingham Symphony Orchestra'
CCabbreviation of 'children's choir'
[entry supplied by Ed Batutis]
CCIabbreviation of Chambre de commerce et d'industrie (French: Chamber of Commerce)
C-clefclave de do (Spanish), chiave di do (Italian), clé d'ut (French), C-Schlüssel (German)
C clefa clef sign which marks the position of the note C on the staff, for example, the alto clef
CCMacronym for 'Contemporary Christian Music'
CCRMAacronym for 'Center for Computer Research in Music and Acoustics', one of the major centres of computer music research and composition in the United States, was founded in 1975 at Stanford University, in Stanford, California, by John Chowning and Leland Smith. One of the significant accomplishments in software development was Chowning's formulation of frequency modulation as a synthesis algorithm, which was licensed to Yamaha and became the basic technology of a generation of Yamaha synthesisers
CCNYabbreviation of 'City College of New York'
CD(English, German f.) compact disc, an optical disc used to store digital data, originally developed for storing digital audio. It is the standard playback format for commercial audio recordings today
CDabbreviation of corps diplomatique (French: diplomatic corps)
c.d.(Italian) an abbreviation of colla destra or col destra meaning 'with right hand', a direction found in keyboard music
CD-Abspielgerät(German n.) CD player
CD-Brenner(German m.) CD burner, CD writer
Cdc.abbreviated of corno da caccia
CD-Cover(German m.) CD cover
CDDabbreviated of contrat à durée déterminée (French: job contract for a set duration)
CDDBan online database of information about music CDs. An online CDDB-enabled CD player can access the database to download information about the artist, track listings, credits, etc.
CD-Hülle(German f.) CD cover
CDIabbreviated of contrat à durée indéterminée (French: job contract for an indefinite duration)
C double flat
C double flat
the doubly flattened key note of the scale of C major, do doppio bemolle (Italian), Ceses (German), ut double bémol (French)
C double sharp
C double sharp
the doubly sharpened key note of the scale of C major, do doppio diesis (Italian), Cisis (German), ut double dièse (French)

[entry corrected by Michael Zapf]
CD-Player(German m.) CD player
CD-R(German f.) CD-R (recordable compact disk)
CD-Recordableor 'CD-R', a disk that can store data as well as digital audio files, but where information can only be recorded and the disc cannot be reused
CD-Rewritableor 'CD-RW', a disk on which one can write, rewrite, and erase more than a thousand times. The data on CD-RW discs is only readable by CD-RW drives, and computers often need the identical software that was used to create a disc in order to read it
CD-Ripper(German m.) CD ripper
CD-R-Laufwerk(German n.) CD-R drive
CD-Rohling(German m.) blank CD
CD-ROM(English, German f.) compact disk - read only memory, a compact disc that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a suitable reader
CD-ROM-Laufwerk(German n.) CD-ROM drive
CD-RW(German f.) CD-RW (rewritable compact disk)
CD-RW-Laufwerk(German n.) CD-RW drive
CD-Schacht(German m.) CD drive (opening)
CD-Spieler(German m.) CD player, compact disc player
CD-Tasche(German f.) CD bag
CD-Technologie(German f.) CD technology
C-Dur
key of C major(German n.) the key of 'C major'
C-Dur-Tonleiter(German f.) the 'C major' scale
CD-Wechsler(German m.) CD changer, CD jukebox
CEor C.E., abbreviation of 'Common Era', equivalent to AD, which stands for Anno Domine (Latin, literally 'in the year of Our Lord'). Unlike AD, but like BC and BCE, CE is conventionally placed after a number to show that it refers to a year counted as following the birth of Christ (even though contemporary experts generally agree that Christ was probably born in 3 or 4 BCE) CE is used to the same purpose as AD, and avoids a fully Christian bias. Although this system of numbering years is the globally dominant system, some cultures name years according to schemes based on Jewish, Islamic or Chinese calendars
abbreviation of Communauté européenne (French: European Community)
ce(French, abbreviated to c' when placed in front of a vowel) it that
(French, or cette,, ces (pl.), etc.) that, this, those (pl.), these (pl.)
Céad míle fáilte(Irish) a hundred thousand welcomes (conventional form of welcome in Irish)
CeBeDeMabbreviation of Centre Belge de Documentation Musicale
Cebell(English, German f.) also 'cibell' or 'sybell', in late seventeenth-century England, a quick gavotte-like dance whose name derives from the reference to the godess Cybele who appears in Atys (1676) an opera by the French composer Jean-Baptiste Lully (1632-1687). The tune by Lully became very popular in England and it served as the model for many works by composers of the time, including Henry Purcell
Cecchetti methodEnrico Cecchetti, one of the world's outstanding teachers of ballet, established a system of passing on the tradition of ballet to future generations of dancers. This system, the Cecchetti method, was codified and recorded by Cyril Beaumont, Stanislas Idzikowski, Margaret Craske and Derra de Moroda. The method has a definite program of strict routine and includes a table of principal set daily exercises for each day of the week. The Cecchetti Society was formed in London in 1922 to perpetuate his method of teaching. In 1924 the Society was incorporated into the Imperial Society of Teachers of Dancing. Entrance to the Society by examination and students must pass through a carefully graded system which has done much to raise the standard of dancing and teaching throughout the British Empire
cecear(Spanish) to speak with a lisp
Ceceo(Spanish m.) lisp
ceci(French) this
Cecilia, St.the patroness of music, Cecilian festivals were held and odes by composers such as Purcell and Boyce were performed in celebration of her and of music
Cecilianismin the nineteenth century, a movement working for a simpler style of church music, named after St. Cecilia, the patroness of music
Cecità(Italian f.) blindness
Cécité(French f.) blindness
Cecoslovacchia(Italian f.) Czechoslovakia
cédant(French) slowing down
Cedar(German Zeder, French Cèdre, Dutch Ceder) Both Middle Eastern (Cedrus libani) and North African (C. atlantica) cedar was imported into England from at least the early sixteenth century along with Italian-made cedar furniture. It was favoured for musical instruments as well as chest linings
cédé(French) ceded, yielded (see also cédez)
found in Debussy's L'isle Joyeuse as un peu cédé meaning 'give way a little' or, in this case, 'slow down just before a return to an earlier tempo'
[entry and comment based on information provided by Dennis Nicolosi]
cedendo(Italian) getting slower, yielding, nachgebend (German), en cédant (French)
céder(French) to give up (a place, part, etc.), to cede, to give way, to give in (capitulate), to sell, to dispose of, to subside (fever, etc.)
céder à(French) to give way to, to yield to, to give in to
ce dernier(French) the latter
Cedexoften seen at the end of a business address, denoting that the company uses the Courrier d'Entreprise à Distribution Exceptionelle, a special delivery service which supposedly allows business post to be routed on a priority basis
cédez(French, literally 'give way' or 'yield') go slower, slow down (a marking that is often found just before a return to an earlier tempo)
(French) or alongez (French), gradually slower, zurückhalten (German), ritardando (Italian)
Cedilla(Spanish f.) a diacritical mark like a comma (¸) placed beneath the letter c to indicate that the sound is soft and not hard
Cédille(German f., French f.) cedilla
Cédrat(German f.) citron (Citrus medica), a thorny evergreen small tree or shrub of India widely cultivated for its large lemonlike fruits that have thick warty rind
Cèdre(French m.) cedar
Cédrière(French f.) grove of cedar trees
Cedro(Italian m., Spanish m.) cedar (wood)
CEE(French) abbreviation of Communauté économique européenne (French: European Economic Community)
Ceffone(Italian m.) slap
Céilí(German n., Irish) alternatively cèilidh, céilidh or céilidhe, communal Celtic dances with a live band, an informal social gathering which takes place usually in the evening
see 'English ceilidh'
Céilí dancesoriginally derived from group set dances and French quadrilles, but set to Irish music
Céilidhsee céilí
Céilidhesee céilí
Ceiling effectin an examination, test, etc., a failure of a measure to detect a difference because it was too easy
Ceilingeffekt(German m.) ceiling effect
ceindre(French) to don (hat, etc.), to put (item of clothing)
ceindre la couronne(French) to assume the crown
ceindre son épée(French) to buckle on one's sword (literal, figurative)
ceindre une ville de murailles(French) to encircle a town with wall
Ceinture(French f.) belt, waist, circle (line) (of a bus, train, etc.)
Ceinture de sauvetage(French f.) lifebelt
Ceinture de sécurité(French f.) seat-belt
ceinturer(French) to seize round the waist, to surround
Ceirninsupposed to be the portable harp used by the priests and religious people of Ireland
Ceja(Spanish f.) bridge (on a string instrument), chevalet (French)
Cejilla(Spanish, literally 'little eyebrow') a capotasto used on flamenco guitars, a small bridge
Cejuela(Spanish f.) also puentecillo or puente de clavijero, a second bridge found in some traditional instruments
CE-Kennzeichnung(German f.) CE marking
Cel., celabbreviation of 'celesta', Celesta (German), célesta (French)
cela(French) it, that
cela s'entend(French) of course
cela va de soi(French) it is obvious
Celcon®an acetal co-polymer (type of plastic) made by Celanese AG., that is used for harpsichord plectra
celebrar(Spanish) to celebrate (also literary), to laugh at, to hold (election, meeting), to play, to say (mass), to perform (wedding), to be delighted at
celebrar por todo lo alto(Spanish) to celebrate in style
célèbre(French) famous
Célèbreation(French f.) celebration
Célèbreation de(French f.) celebration of
célébrer(French) to celebrate
Célébrité(French f.) fame, celebrity (individual)
celebro que te cases(Spanish) I'm so pleased you're getting married
celebro su éxito(Spanish) I'm delighted to hear about your success
Celempunglarge two-string plucked zither used in Javanese gamelan orchestras
Celempungan(Indonesia) Sundanese musical genre, performed on instruments that include kacapi, kendang, goong and suling
Celeramente(Italian) speedily
celere(Italian) quick, rapid, speedy
Céleri(French m.) celery
Céleri(-rave)(French m.) celeriac
Celerità(Italian) speed, velocity, celerity
Celerité(French) speed, velocity, celerity
Celesta(Italian f., English, German f.) or 'celeste', a percussion instrument invented in 1886 by Auguste Mustel of Paris and further developed by the Schiedmayer family in Stuttgart, consisting of a set of steel bars, fastened over wooden resonators, struck by hammers operated by a keyboard. The celesta sounds one octave higher than written
similar mellow-sounding instruments were made for theatre organs where they were also known as a Chrysoglott (German)
Célesta(French m.) celesta
Celeste(Italian m.) sky-blue (colour)
Celestesee 'celesta'
Céleste(French) alternatively voix céleste, a rank of pipes, tuned slightly off unison with another similar rank in the same division, and intended to be sounded with its partner rather than as part of larger combinations. When properly tuned (1 -7 beats per second) this combination produces an undulating sound reminiscent of the effect of string instruments playing in unison
(French) on the pianoforte, a direction to use the soft pedal
see 'céleste pedal'
céleste(French) celestial
Céleste pedalalso called the 'practice pedal', pédale céleste (French) or jeu céleste (French), a mechanical action in a pianoforte which is brought into play by depressing the left pedal which mechanism drops a strip of felt between the strings, thereby causing the sound, when the strings are struck by the hammers, to take on a muffled tone
Celeste-Register(German n.) celeste tuning
Celeste tuningtwo ranks of pipe, of which one rank is tuned slightly sharp or flat of the other, giving an added fullness or 'chorus' effect to the music. A similar tuning may be found on some larger musical boxes
Celestina(Italian) an organ stop, of 4 ft. pitch, producing a very delicate and subdued tone
the name Celestina has become synonymous with 'procuress' - especially an old woman - dedicated to promoting the illegal engagement of a couple - and the literary archetype of this character (her masculine counterpart is Figaro). The association is a reference to the book actually called Tragicomedia de Calisto y Melibea or Libro de Calisto y Melibea y de la puta vieja Celestina, a novel published anonymously by Fernando de Rojas in 1499. This book is considered to be one of the greatest in Spanish literature, and traditionally marks the end of medieval literature and the beginning of the literary renaissance in Spain
Célibat(French m.) celibacy
Célibataire(French) bachelor (m.), unmarried woman (f.)
Célibataire endurci(French m.) confirmed bachelor
célibataire(French) unmarried
Cellan individual room in a monastic establishment where one person lived in seclusion
in music, a cell is similar to a figure or motif, a small group of notes which serve (whether for use as pitches, durations, dynamics, or attack points) as an organising device in the composition of music
Cella(English, German f., from Latin for 'small chamber') or naos (from the Greek for 'temple'), the inner chamber or sancturary of a temple in classical architecture, usually housing the cult statue
Cellambaessentially a cello fitted with frets
Cellariumthe storehouse for provisions
celle, cellessee celui
Celleragethe hollow area beneath a Renaissance stage, known in Renaissance slang as "hell" and entered through a trapdoor called a "hellmouth"
Celli, 'celli(English, German m. pl., Italian pl.) abbreviation of violoncelli, the plural of violoncello
in modern usage the initial apostrophe (') is usually dropped
Cellier(French m.) cellar (store-room for wine)
Cellist, 'cellist(English) abbreviation of 'violoncellist', a player of the violoncello
in modern usage the initial apostrophe (') is usually dropped
Cellist (m.), Cellistin (f.), Cellisten (pl.)(German) cellist
Cellista(Italian) cellist
Cello, 'cello(English, German m., Italian) abbreviation of violoncello
in modern usage the initial apostrophe (') is usually dropped
Cellobanjo(German n.) banjo cello
CelloBopor Cellobop, a term coined by cellist Gideon Freudmann for what is essentially folk-rock cello, a subgenre of 'cello rock'
[corrected by Michael Zapf]
Cello grave pipea large 16 ft. 'string' pipe usually made of metal used for very low deep countermelody parts that might be played on a baritone saxophone in a dance band
Cellokonzert(German n.) cello concerto
Cellone(German n.) invented by mathematician, physicist and instrument maker Dr. Alfred Stelzner (1852-1906), a large cello with its four strings tuned to fifths a fourth below the cello (one octave below another of Stelzner's inventions, the violotta). Its music was notated in the bass clef. It sounded without transposition. Its body length (77 cm) and its breadth slightly exceed those of a normal cello, but it is much deeper that a normal cello
[additional information by Michael Zapf]
Cellophane(French f., English) thin transparent viscose wrapping material
Cellopfeife(German f.) cello pipe
Cellophan(German n.) cellophane
Cello pipea string pipe, constructed like a 'violin' pipe but set at a much lower pitch, indeed usually the lowest of the 'string' registers
Cello rocka genre of music characterized by the use of cellos and other stringed instruments such as violin and viola to create a sound, beat, and texture similar to that of familiar rock music, but distinctly reshaped by the unique timbres and more traditional genres of the cello (in particular) and other stringed instruments used. The cellos and other stringed instruments are often electronically amplified and/or electronically modified. They are often combined with other elements typical of rock music such as rock-style vocals and rock-style drumming
Cellospiel(German n.) cello playing
cellulaire(French) cellular
Cellularconsisting of cells, of open texture, porous
Cellule(French f.) cell
Cellulitis(German f.) cellulite
Celluloida plastic material used on guitar pickguards, tuners and binding
Celo(Portuguese) shortened name for the violoncelo
Celo(Slovenia) violoncello
Celsius(English, German n., abbreviated C) a unit of temperature. Zero degrees Celsius is equal to 273 Kelvin. also known as centigrade. Water freezes at 0° C and boils at 100° C
Celsiusskala(German f.) Celsius (temperature) scale
Celtica branch of the Indo-European family of languages. Celtic includes Welsh and Breton. Celtic languages are geographically linked to western Europe, and they come in two general flavors, goidelic (or Q-celtic) and brythonic (or P-celtic)
Celtic chantthe liturgical plainchant repertory of the Celtic rite of the Roman Catholic Church performed in the British Isles and Brittany, related to but distinct from the Gregorian chant of the Sarum use of the Roman rite which officially supplanted it by the 12th century
Celtic harpa small harp 24 to 34 strings, around 1 metre tall, with curved neck and pillar but without pedals, that can be played resting on the knee; sometimes called the 'minstrel harp' or the 'troubadour harp'
Celtic mandolinesee 'mandolin, mandoline'
Celtic metala sub-genre of 'black metal'. Its focus is on Celtic mythology and instruments mixed with 'black metal'
Celtic musica broad grouping of musical genres that evolved out of the folk musical traditions of the Celtic peoples of Western Europe. The term Celtic music may refer to both orally-transmitted traditional music and recorded popular music with only a superficial resemblance to folk styles of the Celtic peoples. Most typically, the term 'Celtic music' is applied to the music of Ireland and Scotland, because both places have produced well-known distinctive styles which actually have genuine commonality and clear mutual influences. The music of Wales, Cornwall, Isle of Man, Brittany, Northumbria and Galicia are also frequently considered a part of 'Celtic music', the Celtic tradition being particularly strong in Brittany, where Celtic festivals large and small take place throughout the year. Finally, the music of ethnically Celtic peoples abroad are also considered, especially in Canada and the United States
celtico(Italian) Celtic
Celtic reggaea fusion of reggae including dub reggae with traditional celtic folk music
Celtic Revivala term that covers a variety of movements and trends, mostly in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, which drew on Celtic art and traditions. Although the revival was complex and multifaceted, occurring across many fields and in variety of North Western Countries, its best known incarnation is probably the Irish Literary Revival or the Irish Literary Renaissance also called the Celtic Twilight. Here, Irish writers including William Butler Yeats, Lady Gregory, "AE" Russell, Edward Martyn and Edward Plunkett (aka Lord Dunsany) stimulated a new appreciation of traditional Irish literature and Irish poetry in the late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century
Celtic rockincorporating into traditional music of Ireland, Scotland, Cornwall, and Brittany, rock elements. Through at least the first half of the 1970s, Celtic rock held close to folk roots, with its repertoire drawing heavily on traditional Celtic fiddle and harp tunes and even traditional vocal styles, but making use of rock-band levels of amplification and percussion
  • Folk-rock from which this extract has been taken
celui (m.), ceux (m. pl.), celle (f.), celles (f. pl.)(French) the one
celui-ci(French) this (one)
celui-là(French) that (one)
Célula(Portuguese) cell (a basic musical motif)
CEMAabbreviation of 'Council for the Encouragement of Music and the Arts'
Cemane(Greece) three-stringed fiddle
CE markingmarking that is put on products that meet the requirements of appropriate European standards
Cemb.abbreviation of cembalo (Italian: harpsichord - clavecin (French)), Cembalo (German: harpsichord)
Cembali(German pl., Italian m. pl.) plural of harpsichord
(Italian m. pl.) small Italian cymbals
Cembalist (m.), Cembalistin (f.)(German) harpsichordist
Cembalista(Italian m./f.) harpsichordist, a cymbals player
Cembalo(Italian m.) harpsichord, although later also used for the fortepiano, cymbal
(German n.) harpsichord, fortepiano or, today, pianoforte
Cembalo clavicordio(Italian m.) clavichord
Cembalo cromatico (s.), Cembali cromatici (pl.)(Italian m.) a keyboard instrument (usually a harpsichord) with split keys to allow for the accompaniment of singers using mean-tone temperament
Cembalokonzert(German n.) harpsichord concerto
Cembalomsee cimbalom
Cembalopartitur(German f.) a score with the voices and continuo but with all other instruments omitted
Cembalo-Partitur(German f.) a score with the voices and continuo but with all other instruments omitted
Cembalo piegatorio(Italian m.) clavecin brisé (French m.) folding harpsichord
Cembalospiel(German n.) harpsichord playing
Cembalo stopa mechanism found of early pianos that pressed leather weights on the strings and modified the sound to make it resemble that of the harpsichord
Cembanella(Italian) bagpipe
Cembolo(Italian) synonymous with cembalo
CEMCacronym for the 'Center for Electroacoustic Music of China' which was founded in 1986 by Yuanlin Chen as the first electronic music studio in China. The ground had been laid a few years earlier, when Yuanlin, then a graduate student, and others held the first electronic music concert of works by Chinese composers
Cemmamella(Italian f.) cymbal
Cemmanella(Italian f.) or ciaramella, shawm
CEMS System, TheJoel Chadabe used The CEMS System, a programmable and complex analog system conceived by Chadabe and built by Robert Moog, to compose Ideas of Movement at Bolton Landing in the spring of 1971. It was the first example of what Chadabe later called 'interactive composing', a process defined by a mutually influential relationship between performer and instrument
Cencerro(French m., Italian m., Spanish m.) or Almglocke (German), a Spanish and Spanish-American cowbell (with the clapper removed), struck with a wooden stick, also called a campana
Cencio(Italian m.) rag, duster
Cendre(French f.) ash
cendré (m.), cendrée (f.)(French) ashen (colour), ash-blond, having ash-blond hair
Cendréein continental heraldry, although not used in England, cendrée is a tincture, the colour of iron and walls (i.e. gray)
Cendrier(French m.) ashtray
Çengan Ottoman harp. This is one of the instruments included under the category of 'open harps'. These are divided in turn into 'bow' and 'angled' harps. The çeng belongs to the second category. In open harps the strings are stretched between the peg box and the resonator. There is nothing in front of the longest (and deepest) string. In closed harps, there is a third part that joins the two sides of the resonator and the peg box which form an angle. As in modern harps, this part is found in front of and parallel to the longest string
  • Çeng from which this extract has been taken
Ceng-cengBalinese cymbals used in the gamelan to provide rhythm and colour
Cengkoksee chengkok
Cennamella(Italian f.) or ciaramella (Italian f.), shawm, Schalmei (German f.), Hirtenpfeife (German f.), pipeau (French m.), chalumeau (French m.)
Cenno(Italian m.) note, sign, nod, wave (of the hand), hint (allusion), mention (brief reference)
Cenotapha carving on a tombstone or monument, often in the form of a verse poem, biblical passage, or literary allusion appearing after the deceased individual's name and date of birth and/or death. Often used synonymously with epitaph
Cenozoicof, belonging to, or designating the latest era of geologic time (approximately the last 63 million years), which includes the Tertiary Period and the Quaternary Period and is characterized by the formation of modern continents, glaciation, and the diversification of mammals, birds, and plants
Censeur(French m.) censor, assistant headmaster (school)
Censor morum(Latin) a regulator of morals
Censorshipthe act of hiding, removing, altering or destroying copies of art or writing so that general public access to it is partially or completely limited
Censorship of musicthe practice of censoring music from the public, may take the form of partial or total censorship with the latter banning the music entirely. The music in question may be a song, or part thereof, a collection of songs (such as a particular album) or a genre of music. While songs and albums have been banned in the past it has become less common in western countries. However, the censorship of particular words deemed as profanity is still commonplace
Censorship Ordinance, 1559this law under Queen Elizabeth required the political censorship of public plays and all printed materials in matters of religion and the government. The Master of Revels was appointed to monitor and control such material
Censure(French f.) censorship
censurer(French) to censor, to censure (criticize)
Census(Latin) an enumeration of individuals
Cent(French m., Catalan m.) hundred
Cent, Cents (English pl.)
octave in cents (English, German m. s./pl.) or cyclic cent, an interval measurement invented by Alexander Ellis and appearing in his appendix to his translation of Hermann von Helmholtz's On the Sensations of Tone [1875]
a logarithmic unit used when measuring the difference between two pitches in an equal-tempered scale; one cent corresponds to a frequency ratio of the 1200th root of 2, or conversely, an octave is comprised of 1200 cents
[image from The Use of Cents to Express Musical Intervals]
Dr. Alexander John Ellis (1814-90) was a fortunate young man. Born Alexander Sharpe, he changed his name in 1825 to satisfy the terms of a bequest from a relative who wished him to devote his life to study and research. Educated at Shrewsbury and Eton, he became a scholar at Trinity College, Cambridge in 1835 where he fully immersed himself in the academic and social life of the university. After graduating in 1837, he entered the Middle Temple but appeared to have no intention of devoting his life to law. Travel was infinitely more appealing to a young man of wealth and leisure. Only a little over two years after Daguerre and Henry Talbot had announced their exciting discoveries, Ellis would travel to Italy in 1841 and take 159 daguerreotypes, the earliest surviving photographs of Italy. His reputation today is as a philologist, phonetician and mathematician and as the translator of and the author of an appendix to Hermann von Helmholtz's On the Sensations of Tone as a Physiological basis of the Theory of Music (1863)
cent(French) hundred
Centaa two-headed cylindrical stick drum from Indonesia
Centaine(French f.) hundred
centaine (de), une(French) (about) a hundred
Centauryany of a genus (Centaurium) of small plants of the gentian family, with flat clusters of red or rose flowers, used as herbs
Centenaire(French m.) centenary (anniversary)
Center(German n.) centre
Center for Computer Research in Music and Acousticssee 'CCRMA'
Center for Electroacoustic Music of Chinasee 'CEMC'
centesimo(Italian) hundreth
Centime(English, French, German m.) a fractional monetary unit (worth one-hundredth of the value of the basic currency) used in several countries including France, Algeria, Belgium, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Chad and the Congo
Centième(French m./f.) hundredth
centième(French) hundredth
Centième (de prony)(French m.) or cent, one hundreth of a prony
see prony
Centigrade(abbreviated °C) a unit of temperature. 0°C (degrees Centigrade) is equal to 273 Kelvin. Also known as celsius. Water freezes at 0°C and boils at 100°C
Centilitre(French m.) centilitre
Centimètre(French m.) centimetre, tape-measure
Centitonesee 'Iring'
Cento (s.), Centones (Latin pl.), Centos (anglicised pl.)(Latin) garment made of patches, patchwork
(Latin, literally 'patchwork') a medley, a work composed by drawing together scraps from earlier writers
cento(Italian) hundred
Centone(Italian) a cento, or medley, of different tunes or melodies
Centonic melodiesalso called 'patchwork' melodies, centonic melodies are formed by an eclectic procedure. The composer, having to put a melody to a new text, does not take an existing melody from the fund of traditional music as in adapted melodies, but takes little melodic formulas which he arranges or adjusts or juxtaposes, according to special rules, in order to make a new melody
Centonisation(German f.) centonization
centonisch(German) centonic (melody)
Centonization(from the Latin cento, originally describing the writing of poetry made up of pre-existing material) in music, a practice used in the Middle Ages in which composers wrote their melodies by combining a series of notes (melodic formulae) taken from a 'catalogue' of pitch patterns. Many of the Gregorian chants were composed this way. Similar ideas appear in the music theory of other cultures; for example, the maqam or Arab music, the raga of Indian music, or the pathet of Indonesian music
Centoventottavo (nota)
semihemidemisemiquaver(Italian) a semihemidemisemiquaver; a one hundred and twenty-eighth note or a note having the time duration of one hundred twenty-eighth of the time duration of a semibreve (whole note)
Central (téléphonique)(French m.) (telephone) exchange
central (m.), centrale (f.)(French) central
Centrale(French f.) power-station
centrale c
middle C(Dutch) middle C
centraliser(French) to centralize
centrare(Italian) to hit the centre (of)
Centre(French m.) centre
Centre blocka solid wood block running through the body of a semi-acoustic guitar body
Centre pinDrehzapfen (German m.), on a piano, made of nickeled brass, centre pins are located at the various points in the piano action at which the many movable parts are hinged or centered. Their proper fitting to the bushing is necessary for the smooth, free and quiet functioning of the action
[German word supplied by Michael Zapf]
Centre practicealso called exercices au milieu, the exercises performed by dancers in the centre of the room, away from the barre
centrer(French) to centre
Centre tonal(French) tonal centre, tone centre
Centre-ville(French m.) town centre
Centrifugal castinga means of casting employing the force achieved in a spinning apparatus to push the casting material into a mould
Centrifugal harmonyharmony that leads away from the tonic
Centripetal harmonyharmony that leads towards the tonic
Centro(Italian m., Spanish m.) centre
Centro Cultural Ciudad, Centro Cultural Recoletasee 'CICMAT'
Centro de gravedad(Spanish m.) centre of gravity
Centstück(German n.) cent piece, cent coin
centum(Latin) hundred
Centum languageone of the two main branches of Indo-European languages. These centum languages are generally associated with western Indo-European languages and they often have a hard palatal /k/ sound rather than the sibilant sound found in equivalent satem words
cent unième(French) one hundred and one
the abbreviation is 101ème (note that there is no hyphen after cent in French numerals)
Centuple (de), le(French) a hundredfold
Cent-vingt-huitième
semihemidemisemiquaver(French) a semihemidemisemiquaver; a one hundred and twenty-eighth note or a note having the time duration of one hundred twenty-eighth of the time duration of a semibreve (whole note)
Cent-Zeichen(German n.) cent sign, ¢
Ceòl(Gaelic) music
Ceòl beag(Gaelic, literally 'small music') the jigs, reels, and strathspeys of traditional Scottish pipe music
Ceolchoirm(Gaelic) concert
Ceòl mór(Gaelic, literally 'big music') the pibroch or classical Highland bagpipe repertoire
Ceramic fluteJohan Friedrich Böttger's rediscovery of hard-paste porcelain in 1708 was the basis of a new luxury industry. Makers explored all kinds of applications in the new medium including porcelain musical instruments
Ceoltóirí(Gaelic) musicians
Cep(French m.) vine stock
Cépage(French m.) (variety of) vine
Cèpe(French m.) (edible) boletus (fungus)
cependant(French) adv. however
Ceppi di carta vetro(Italian m.) sandpaper blocks
CE-Prüfzeichen(German n.) CE certification mark (CE = Certified Europe, Communauté Européenne)
CEPSacronym for 'colour electronic page system'
see 'digital page composition'
ce que(French) what
ce qui(French) what
ce qui est juste(French) what is right
Cer(German n.) cerium
Ceramic globular hornsa family of ceramic buzzed-lip aerophones, related to trumpets and horns in the same way that ocarinas, or globular flutes, are related to tubular flutes
Ceramic horna hunting horn made of glazed earthenware, fashioned purely for display
Céramique(French f.) ceramic, ceramics (medium)
Ceranfeld(German n.) ceramic glass cooktop
C'era una volta(Italian) once upon a time
Ceraunitethunderstone, thunderbolt
Ceraunoscope(from Greek) originally an apparatus that was used by the ancients in their mysteries, a term later applied to a machine for producing stage-thunder
cerca(Spanish) near, near by
Cercar della nota(Italian) synonymous with cercar la nota
Cercar la nota(Italian, literally 'to seek the note') when moving from one note to another, the habit of placing the second note slightly before its notated place, with or without the addition of an additional passing note between them
Cerceau (s.), Cerceaux (pl.)(French m.) hoop
Cerchio(Italian m.) counter-hoop (of a drum)
Cercle(French m.) circle, hoop
Cercle privé(French m.) a party of gamblers playing in private (in a private room in a casino)
Cercle vicieux(French m.) vicious circle
Cercueil(French m.) coffin
Cerdd dantmedieval Welsh string music
Céréale(French f.) cereal
Cerealien(German pl.) cereals
Cerebellum(Latin) in the brain, the seat of the higher faculties
cérébral(French) cerebral
Cerebritis(English, German f.) an infection of the brain, which normally leads to the formation of an abscess within the brain itself
Cérémonial(French m.) ceremonial
Ceremonial dancea major category or classification of dance forms or dance styles, where the purpose is ceremonial or ritualistic
Cérémonie(French f.) ceremony
Cérémonie(s)(French) fuss
cérémonieux (m.), cérémonieuse (f.)(French) ceremonious
Cereni(Italian, from cero, candle) cheap, often poorly produced librettos, sold to opera audiences, and designed to be read during the performance by the light of a candle
Cerf(French m.) stag
Cerfeuil(French m.) chervil
Cerf-volant(French m.) kite
Cerise(French f.) cherry
Cerisier(French m.) cherry tree
Cerium(English, German n.) a ductile grey metallic element of the lanthanide series, used in lighter flints
Cerne(French m.) ring
cerner(French) to surround, to define (question)
Cero(Spanish m.) nought, zero (English, Italian m.), Null (German f.), zéro (French m.)
Ceroc(an abbreviation of the Frenchc'est le Roc, 'It's Rock') a dance style derived in the 1980s from dances including 'French Jive', 'Swing', 'Lindy Hop', and 'Rock and Roll', the main innovation being to simplify the footwork
Ceroferar(German m.) candle bearing acolyte, candle-bearer
Cerone, Pietro
(1566-1625)
an Italian music theorist, singer and priest of the late Renaissance who was born in Bergamo and died in Naples. He is most famous for an enormous music treatise, El melopeo y maestro: tractado de música theorica y pratica; en que se pone por extenso; lo que uno para hazerse perfecto musico ha menester saber (1613), which consisted of 22 volumes, 849 chapters, and 1160 pages in the original Spanish, and which is useful in the studying of compositional practices of the sixteenth century
cerretanocharlatan (English, French m.), ciarlatano (Italian), saltimbanco (Italian), Scharlatan (German m.), curandero (Spanish m.), curandera (Spanish f.), person falsely claiming knowledge or skill (particularly a fake doctor), an unfinished or superficial performer
[German translation provided by Michael Zapf]
Certaincierto (Spanish), alcuna (Italian), einige (German), quelque (French)
certain (m.), certaine (f.)(French) certain, sure
certain de(French) certain of, sure of
certainement(French) certainly
certain que(French) certain that, sure that
certains(French) certain people
Certamen(Spanish m.) competition, contest
certes(French) indeed
Certeza(Spanish f.) certainty
Certificado(Spanish m.) certificate
certificar(Spanish) to certify
Certificat(French m.) certificate
certifié(French) qualified (professionally)
certifier(French) to certify, to assure
Certitude(French f.) certainty
Cerulean bluea light greenish-blue pigment consisting essentially of oxides of cobalt and tin
Cervalat à musique(French, literally 'musical sausage') a racket, bassoon à serpentine
Cervalet à musique(French, literally 'musical sausage') a racket, bassoon à serpentine
Cerveau(French m.) brain
Cervelas(French m.) saveloy (a type of sausage)
(French m.) racket, rankett (Italian m.), rocchetta (Italian f.), Rankett (German n.), Stockfagott (German n.), Wurstfagott (German n.), racket (French m.)
Cervellairesmall skull cap worn under the great helmet (greathelm) during the last part of the thirteenth century and into the early fourteenth century
Cervelle(French f.) brain (anatomy), brains (culinery)
Cervenameat from New Zealand farmed deer
Cervicethe act of killing deer, deer-slaying
Ces, ces
note C flat
(German n.) the flattened key note of the scale of C major
Césarienne(French f.) Caesarean (section)
Cesación(Spanish f.) cessation
ces derniers temps(French) lately
Ces-Dur
key of C flat major(German n.) the key of 'C flat major'
Ceses, ceses
note C double flat
(German n.) the doubly flattened key note of the scale of C major
CESHacronym for 'Contrapuntal Elaboration of Static Harmony', a term used in some jazz textbooks to described the use of moving inner voices to give propulsion to a sustained chord
ces-Moll(German n.) the key of 'C flat minor', which is enharmonically equivalent to 'B minor'
ce sont(French) they are
Cessationa bringing or coming to an end, a ceasing
(French f.) suspension
cesser(French) to stop
cesser de faire(French) to stop doing
cesser de vibrer(French) to die away, to die out, disperdere (Italian), ausschwingen (German)
Cessez-le-feu(French m.) cease-fire
Cession(French f.) transfer
c'est(French) it is, that is, it's, that's
Cesta(Spanish f.) basket, pelota or jai-alai basket
Cesta de la compra(Spanish f.) shopping basket
Cesta de Navidad(Spanish f.) Christmas hamper
c'est-à-dire(French) that is to say
c'est bien joli mais(French) that is all very well but
c'est bouché(French) it's a dead end
c'est dommage(French) it's a pity
c'est du joli!(French) charming! (ironic)
c'est enquiquinant(French) it's a nuisance
Cesteria(Spanish f.) wickerwork (material), basketwork, basket making, basket shop
c'est juste(French) that's right
C'est la galère!(French) what an ordeal!
c'est la guerre(French) that's the way things happen in wartime
c'est la vie(French) that's life
c'est moi(French) it's me
Cesto(Spanish m.) basket
Cesto de los papeles(Spanish m.) waste-paper basket
c'est pas du bidon(French) it's the truth, it's for real
c'est quasiment fait(French) it's almost done, it's nearly done, it's as good as done, it's just about done
c'est tout juste s'il sait lire(French) he can hardly read
cestui que trust(early French) the person for whom a trustee acts
c'est un chanter(French) he is a singer
c'est une chanteuse(French) she is a singer
c'est un peu juste(French) it's a bit tight (garment, time), it's barely enough (quantity)
Cestus(Latin) a girdle, a belt
c'est Vénus tout entière à sa proie attachée(French) said of a woman in pursuit of a man to whom she is irresistibly attracted
Cesura(English, Italian f., Spanish f.) or caesura, a metrical pause, Zäsur (German f.), césure (French f.)
Césure(French f.) caesura
CeteraRomanian term for violin
(Italian f.) cittern, cetra (Italian), Cister (German), cistre (French)
(Italian f.) cither (more properly cetera tedesca)
(Corsica) Corsican sixteen-string zither, whose origins probably date from the Italian Middle-Ages
Cetera desunt(Latin) the rest is missing
Ceterante(Italian m.) a player on the cittern or guitar
ceterare(Italian) to play the cittern or guitar
Cetera tedesca(Italian) the 'German cither', a ten-stringed instrument of the lute family
Ceteratojo(Italian) a song accompanied on the cittern
Ceteratore(Italian) a player on the cittern
Ceteris desunt(Latin) the rest is lacking
Ceteris paribus(Latin) all else being equal
Ceterista(Italian m./f.) a player of the cittern
ceterizzare(Italian) to sing with or play on the cittern
Ceteronea sixteenth- and seventeenth-century large cittern with anything from nine, twelve or even fourteen courses of metal strings, used primarily in the playing of continuo parts
Cetra(Italian f.) cittern, cetera (Italian), Cister (German), cistre (French)
Cetra da tavolo(Italian f.) Zither (English, German), cithare (French)
cetrare(Italian) synomymous with ceterare
CetvorkaCroatian quadruple flute, with four pipes
c'è un intoppo(Italian) something's come up
ceuxsee celui
ceux-ci(French) these (ones)
ceux-là(French) those (ones)
Cevennen(German pl.) Cévennes
Cévennesa range of mountains in south-central France, covering parts of the départements of Gard, Lozère, Ardèche, and Haute-Loire
C extensionon a four-string double bass, the extension of the lowest string down as far as low C, a note an octave below the lowest note on the cello. This may take the form of an extra section of fingerboard mounted up over the head of the bass, which requires the player to reach back over the pegs to play, or of a mechanical lever system where keys are positioned next to the neck in the positions which the corresponding notes would occupy if the instrument had a fifth string. The extension is invaluable in classical music, because the bass often does not have a separately written part but is told to play the 'cello part an octave lower, a practice known as 'doubling'
Ceylontee(German m.) Ceylon tea
CE-Zeichen(German n.) CE mark
CE-Zulassung(German f.) CE certification
c.f.(Italian) abbreviated form of canto fermo (Italian), cantus firmus (Latin, English)
some authors use c.f. when they mean cf. as an abbreviation meaning 'confer'. c.f. is incorrect in this context
cf.(Latin) abbreviated form of conferatur or confer (Latin: compare)
q.v. usually indicates a reference to something elsewhere in the current paper, chapter, book, etc.
cf. would be more appropriate for a reference to a different paper, book, etc.
C-fa-utin solmisation, the name of the note c
CFEabbreviation of 'Composers Facsimile Edition'
C flat
note C flat
the flattened key note of the scale of C major, do bemolle (Italian), Ces (German), ut bémol (French)
C flat major
key of C flat majorthe key of 'C flat major'
scale of C flat major
the scale of 'C flat major'
C flat minorthe key of 'C flat minor', which is enharmonically equivalent to 'B minor'
C flutealso called 'concert flute' or 'Western concert flute', the main flute in a modern symphony orchestra, a member of the family of transverse flutes
CFPabbreviated of centre de formation professionnelle (French: professional training centre)
CGabbreviation of 'Covent Garden, London'
CGS-Einheitensystem(German n.) CGS-System of units - namely, centimetre (Zentimeter, cm), gram (Gramm, g), second (Sekunde, s)

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